Towards Efficient Milling of Multi-Cavity Aeronautical Structural Parts Considering ACO-Based Optimal Tool Feed Position and Path
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Cavity Milling Methods and Corner Milling Analysis
2.1. Cavity Milling Methods
2.2. Corner Milling Analysis
3. Tool Path Planning of Multi-Cavity Based on ACO Algorithm
4. Implementation and Verification
4.1. Obtain the Coordinates of Tool Feed Positions
4.2. Optimization of Milling Tool Path Using ACO Algorithm
4.3. Comparative Analysis of Simulation and Experiment Results
- As shown in Figure 9b, we can see that the shortest distance tends to stabilize after 10 iterations. This proves the superiority of the ACO algorithm in multi-cavity milling path optimization.
- In Figure 11c, a total of 20 tool feed positions were obtained by ACO algorithm. On this basis, it is more suitable for automatically calculating the distance of tool paths. We can get the optimized machining sequence of the 20 cavities.
- Table 4 shows that the machining time of the ACO-based optimal tool path is 21 min shorter than the zigzag milling path and is 14 min shorter than GA-based peripheral milling. Computational results show that the tool path planning method proposed in this paper can effectively shorten the machining time.
- The machining results in Table 5 show that the milling method mentioned in this article can guarantee high quality machining uniformity.
5. Conclusions and Future Work
- For the milling of inner cavity corners by peripheral milling method, we established a mathematical model of the corner milling process. Based on this, we combine with ACO algorithm to select the optimal tool feed position for each cavity.
- The ACO algorithm is used to optimize the tool path of multi-cavity part. Compared with the other two commonly used tool path planning methods, the method proposed in this paper can shorten the machining time by more than 13%.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Dimension | | |||
Top border L1 (mm) | 669.2 | Bottom border L2 (mm) | 869.5 | |
Height L3 (mm) | 910.8 | Deep Dc (mm) | 23 | |
Thickness D (mm) | 50 | Material | 7B04-T651 | |
Process Parameters | ||||
Vc (r/min) | 2000 | ap (mm/min) | 0.5 | |
Vf (mm/min) | 250 | Tool material | D16 |
Cavity | No. | Coordinate | Cavity | No. | Coordinate | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
x | y | z | x | y | z | ||||
1 | ① | 92.60 | 13.98 | 50 | 4 | ⑫ | 20.87 | 426.45 | 50 |
② | 15.84 | 14.47 | 50 | ⑬ | 35.12 | 295.79 | 50 | ||
③ | 90.56 | 119.07 | 50 | ⑭ | 14.14 | 448.01 | 50 | ||
④ | 17.81 | 119.27 | 50 | 5 | ⑮ | 15.89 | 579.60 | 50 | |
2 | ⑤ | 40.32 | 276.37 | 50 | ⑯ | 21.51 | 449.41 | 50 | |
⑥ | 15.50 | 273.91 | 50 | ⑰ | 33.45 | 578.54 | 50 | ||
⑦ | 17.98 | 146.72 | 50 | ⑱ | 17.30 | 602.75 | 50 | ||
⑧ | 105.59 | 152.34 | 50 | ⑲ | 20.73 | 730.61 | 50 | ||
3 | ⑨ | 99.56 | 144.64 | 50 | |||||
⑩ | 14.82 | 297.29 | 50 | ||||||
⑪ | 15.60 | 426.99 | 50 |
Parameters | m | α | β | Q | ρ | Nc |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Value | 20 | 0.7 | 3.8 | 20 | 0.5 | 50 |
Code | Input P, Nc, m Output Optimal tool path 1: for j = 2:n 2: for i = 1:m 3: visited = Tabu(i,1:(j − 1)); 4: J = zeros(1,(n – j + 1)); 5: P = J; 6: Jc = 1; 7: for k = 1:n 8: if length(find(visited == k)) == 0 9: if length(find(Tabu(i,1:j) == C(k,4))) == 0 10: J(Jc) = k; 11: Jc = Jc + 1; 12: end 13: end 14: end 15: for k = 1:length(J) 16: P(k) = (Tabu(visited(end),J(k))^Alpha)*(Eta(visited(end),J(k))^Beta); 17: end 18: P = P/(sum(P)); 19: Pcum = cumsum(P); 20: Select=find(Pcum ≥ rand); 21: to_visit = J(Select(1)); 22: Tabu(i,j) = to_visit; 23: end 24: end |
Tool Path Type | Machining Time (h/min/s) |
---|---|
Zigzag | 02:00:30 |
Peripheral | 01:54:09 |
ACO-based tool path | 01:39:15 |
Measurement Platform | The No. 19 Cavity | |
---|---|---|
| | |
The measurement data (μm) | ||
wall1 | wall2 | |
0.482 | 0.567 | |
wall3 | wall4 | |
0.503 | 0.512 |
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Xin, Y.; Li, Y.; Li, W.; Wang, G. Towards Efficient Milling of Multi-Cavity Aeronautical Structural Parts Considering ACO-Based Optimal Tool Feed Position and Path. Micromachines 2021, 12, 88. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi12010088
Xin Y, Li Y, Li W, Wang G. Towards Efficient Milling of Multi-Cavity Aeronautical Structural Parts Considering ACO-Based Optimal Tool Feed Position and Path. Micromachines. 2021; 12(1):88. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi12010088
Chicago/Turabian StyleXin, Yupeng, Yuanheng Li, Wenhui Li, and Gangfeng Wang. 2021. "Towards Efficient Milling of Multi-Cavity Aeronautical Structural Parts Considering ACO-Based Optimal Tool Feed Position and Path" Micromachines 12, no. 1: 88. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi12010088