Democratizing Microreactor Technology for Accelerated Discoveries in Chemistry and Materials Research
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. The Era of Accelerated Discovery
1.2. Flow Chemistry Using a Microreactor as a Platform for AD
- Rapid mixing: Rapid and uniform mixing of reactants due to shortened diffusion distance
- Precise temperature control: Efficient heat transfer due to large specific surface area
- Precise residence time (reaction time) control: Controllable residence time by reactor volume and solution flow rate
1.3. Review
2. Elements of Microreactor-Enabled Discovery Accelerator
2.1. Characteristics of a Microreactor
2.2. Fabrication Technologies for Microreactor
2.3. Online Reaction Monitoring
2.4. Device Design Tools
2.5. AI and Robotics
3. Applications of Microreactor as a Discovery Accelerator
3.1. High-Throughput Screening and Optimization
3.2. Automated Material Synthesis in Continuous Flow
3.3. Rapid and Precise Measurement of Reaction Kinetics
4. Toward Democratizing Microreactor Technology for Accelerated Discoveries
4.1. Standardization for Microreactor Technologies for AD
4.2. Integrated Development Environment of Microreactor Development
4.3. Democratizing Microreactors Technology by Open-Source Software and Platforms
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Method | Material | Resolution | Application | Characteristics | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lithography and etching techniques | Silicon, Glass | 100 μm~100 nm | Fine flow channels | Compatibility with semiconductor technology, chemical resistance, heat resistance, robustness | [31] |
Imprint molding | Silicone, Glass | 100 μm~10 μm | Chemical reaction, Chemical analysis | Resin mold, metallic mold, optical transparency | [32] |
Precision machining techniques | Glass, Metal | 1 mm~10 μm | Chemical reaction | Corrosion resistance, thermal conductivity, chemical resistance, heat resistance, robustness | [33] |
3D printing technique | Resin, Metal | 1 mm~10 μm | Packaging | 3D structures | [34,35,36] |
Deployment | Method | Monitoring Targets | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|
In situ | Electrochemical detection | Gas, Liquid | [37,38] |
TG-TEM * | Inorganic, metallic nanoparticles | [39] | |
Detection from outside | X-ray absorption | Metallic nanoparticles | [40] |
NMR | Organic materials | [41,42,43] | |
Optical detection | Organic materials | [44] |
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Sato, T.; Masuda, K.; Sano, C.; Matsumoto, K.; Numata, H.; Munetoh, S.; Kasama, T.; Miyake, R. Democratizing Microreactor Technology for Accelerated Discoveries in Chemistry and Materials Research. Micromachines 2024, 15, 1064. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15091064
Sato T, Masuda K, Sano C, Matsumoto K, Numata H, Munetoh S, Kasama T, Miyake R. Democratizing Microreactor Technology for Accelerated Discoveries in Chemistry and Materials Research. Micromachines. 2024; 15(9):1064. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15091064
Chicago/Turabian StyleSato, Tomomi, Koji Masuda, Chikako Sano, Keiji Matsumoto, Hidetoshi Numata, Seiji Munetoh, Toshihiro Kasama, and Ryo Miyake. 2024. "Democratizing Microreactor Technology for Accelerated Discoveries in Chemistry and Materials Research" Micromachines 15, no. 9: 1064. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15091064