Lymph Nodes as Anti-Tumor Immunotherapeutic Tools: Intranodal-Tumor-Specific Antigen-Pulsed Dendritic Cell Vaccine Immunotherapy
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Structure of LNs and Their Constituent Cells
3. Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Local Immunotherapy in Tumor Drainage LNs
4. DC Vaccine Therapy
5. The Rationale for Intranodal Administration of DCs and Intranodal Contrast Injection
6. DC Vaccine Intranodal Infusion Therapy
Reference | Study Type | Tumor | Antigens | Adjuvant/Stimulant | Results | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nestle FO et al., 1998 | Clinical | Melanoma | Tumor Lysate. MelanA/Mart1, Mage1/Mage3 | KLH | 2 CR and 3 PR in 16 patients | [41] |
Lambert LA et al., 2001 | Pre-clinical(mice) | Melanoma | Tumor Lysate | ( - ) | IN superior than ID in Th1 response | [50] |
Bedrisian I et al., 2003 | Clinical | Melanoma | Peptieds for Mart1, gp100, Tyrosinase | ( - ) | IN superior than ID in Th1 response | [51] |
Jonuleit H et al., 2001 | Clinical | Melanoma | MelanA/Mart1, Mage1/Mage3 | ( - ) | in case of matured DC CD4 response 7/8 CD8 response 5/7 | [42] |
Gilliet M et al., 2003 | Clinical | Melanoma | MelanA/Mart1, Mage1/Mage3 | KLH | Long lasting CD4T-cell response with TH-1 cytokine response in all 5 patients | [43] |
Maier T et al., 2003 | Clinical | Lymphoma | Tumor Lysate | KLH | 4 PR and 1 CR in 8 patients | [44] |
Schwaab TS et al., 2009 | Clinical | Renal Cell Cancer | Tumor Lysate | IFN-a2a, IL-2 | 50% ORR and 3 CR in 18 patients | [45] |
Yi Q et al., 2010 | Clinical | Multiple Myeloma | Idiotype protein | KLH, CD40 | SD in 6 of 9 patients | [49] |
Barth RJ et al., 2010 | Clinical | Colorectal cancer | Tumor Lysate | KLH, CD40 | 61% DTH response in 24 patients. 5year recurrence free 63% | [46] |
Aarntzen EHJG et al., 2012 | Clinical | Melanoma | mRNA for gp100/Tyrosinase | KLH | TAA specific Th1 responsein stage III: median OR 24.1 months | [47] |
Bol KF et al., 2015 | Clinical | Melanoma | mRNA for gp100/Tyrosinase | CD40,/TLR4 mRNA | 1 MR and 2 durable SD in 8 patients | [48] |
Morisaki T et al., 2020 | Clinical | Ovarian Cancer | Neoantigen peptides | ( - ) | 1 case report: durable SD | [55] |
Morisaki T et al., 2021 | Clnical | Solid tumors | Neoantigen peptides | ( - ) | 1 CR, 3 PR, and 10 SD in 17 patietns | [56] |
7. Techniques of Intranodal Administration of Mature DCs
8. Intranodal Neoantigen Peptide-Pulsed DC Vaccine Therapy
9. Conclusions and Perspective
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Morisaki, T.; Morisaki, T.; Kubo, M.; Morisaki, S.; Nakamura, Y.; Onishi, H. Lymph Nodes as Anti-Tumor Immunotherapeutic Tools: Intranodal-Tumor-Specific Antigen-Pulsed Dendritic Cell Vaccine Immunotherapy. Cancers 2022, 14, 2438. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14102438
Morisaki T, Morisaki T, Kubo M, Morisaki S, Nakamura Y, Onishi H. Lymph Nodes as Anti-Tumor Immunotherapeutic Tools: Intranodal-Tumor-Specific Antigen-Pulsed Dendritic Cell Vaccine Immunotherapy. Cancers. 2022; 14(10):2438. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14102438
Chicago/Turabian StyleMorisaki, Takashi, Takafumi Morisaki, Makoto Kubo, Shinji Morisaki, Yusuke Nakamura, and Hideya Onishi. 2022. "Lymph Nodes as Anti-Tumor Immunotherapeutic Tools: Intranodal-Tumor-Specific Antigen-Pulsed Dendritic Cell Vaccine Immunotherapy" Cancers 14, no. 10: 2438. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14102438