On the Effect of the Nature of Carbon Nanostructures on the Activity of Bifunctional Catalysts Based on Manganese Oxide Nanowires
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Physical-Chemical Characterization
2.2. Effect of the Carbon Nanostructure on the Catalytic Activity towards the Oxygen Reduction and Evolution Reactions
2.3. Catalytic Activity towards the Oxygen Reduction and Evolution Reactions for a Composite Material between Mn Oxide and Hybrid Carbon Nanostructure
2.4. Stability Studies
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Catalysts Synthesis
3.2. Physical-Chemical Characterization
3.3. Electrochemical Characterization
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Chemical Composition (wt%) | Textural Properties | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Material | Carbon | Oxygen | Iron * | Nickel * | SBET (m2 g−1) | Vpore (cm3 g−1) |
CNF | 92.5 | - | - | 7.3 | 95 | 0.24 |
CNT | 76.5 | - | 23.5 | - | 11 | 0.04 |
rGO | 92.9 | 5.6 ** | - | - | 175 | 0.70 |
Catalyst | Oxygen Reduction Reaction | Oxygen Evolution Reaction | Reversibility ORR/OER | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EORR,onset (V vs. RHE) | jd (mA cm−2) | E1/2 (V vs. RHE) | n | EOER,onset (V vs. RHE) | E10 (V vs. RHE) | ΔE * (V) | |
CNF | 0.78 | −4.23 | 0.66 | 2.9 | 1.58 | 1.74 | 1.08 |
CNT | 0.68 | −2.90 | 0.48 | 2.9 | 1.64 | 1.82 | 1.34 |
rGO | 0.76 | −3.06 | 0.57 | 3.0 | 1.69 | 1.92 | 1.35 |
MONW | 0.84 | −3.89 | 0.66 | 2.7 | 1.62 | 1.90 | 1.24 |
MONW/CNF | 0.85 | −4.84 | 0.69 | 3.4 | 1.59 | 1.75 | 1.06 |
MONW/CNT | 0.82 | −4.02 | 0.57 | 3.8 | 1.63 | 1.83 | 1.25 |
MONW/rGO | 0.83 | −3.15 | 0.64 | 3.4 | 1.51 | 1.65 | 1.01 |
Catalyst | Oxygen Reduction Reaction | Oxygen Evolution Reaction | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
j0 (mA cm−2) | Tafel Slope (mV dec−1) | j0 (mA cm−2) | Tafel Slope (mV dec−1) | |
CNF | 1.8 × 10−10 | 76 | 1.7 × 10−4 | 87 |
CNT | 6.8 × 10−11 | 88 | 8.5 × 10−6 | 38 |
rGO | 3.5 × 10−10 | 86 | 4.3 × 10−4 | 131 |
MONW | 4.9 × 10−10 | 136 | 1.0 × 10−5 | 73 |
MONW/CNF | 9.1 × 10−9 | 53 | 1.4 × 10−6 | 60 |
MONW/CNT | 2.0 × 10−8 | 101 | 3.3 × 10−6 | 70 |
MONW/rGO | 4.8 × 10−8 | 109 | 1.0 × 10−5 | 57 |
Catalyst | Oxygen Reduction Reaction | Oxygen Evolution Reaction | Reversibility ORR/OER | Ref. | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EORR, onset † (V vs. RHE) | jd @ 1600 rpm (mA cm−2) | E1/2 (V vs. RHE) | n | EOER, onset † (V vs. RHE) | E10 (V vs. RHE) | ΔE (V) | ||
rGO-CNF | 0.79 | −3.80 | 0.69 | 2.9 | 1.58 | 1.76 | 1.07 | This work |
MONW/rGO-CNF | 0.90 | −5.26 | 0.74 | 3.7 | 1.54 | 1.73 | 0.99 | This work |
Pt/C–IrO2 | 1.02 | −5.72 | 0.85 | 4 | 1.53 | 1.75 | - | This work |
MnOx/CNTs | 0.85 * | −4.90 | 0.77 * | 3.6 | 1.58 * | 0.91 * | 0.91 * | [25] |
MnO2-C(ultrathin amorphous) | 0.97 | −5.81 | 0.81 | 4 | 1.45 | 1.59 | 0.78 | [56] |
α-MnO2(cryptomelane)/Vulcan | 0.88 * | −4.1 | 0.79 * | 4 | 1.58 * | 1.73 * | 0.94 * | [57] |
Mn-MOF @rGO | 1.09 * | −2.03 | 0.98 * | - | 1.75 * | 1.84 * | 0.86 * | [58] |
MnxOy/N-carbon | 0.85 | −5.0 | 0.77 | - | 1.61 | 1.68 | 0.91 | [59] |
MnOx/S-carbon | 0.94 | −4.5 | 0.81 | 3.7 | 1.33 * | 1.62 * | 0.81 * | [60] |
Catalyst | Oxygen Reduction Reaction | Oxygen Evolution Reaction | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
j0 (mA cm−2) | Tafel Slope (mV dec−1) | j0 (mA cm−2) | Tafel Slope (mV dec−1) | |
rGO-CNF | 2.6 × 10−12 | 42 | 4.6 × 10−4 | 98 |
MONW/rGO-CNF | 6.3 × 10−6 | 80 | 2.9 × 10−6 | 97 |
Pt/C–IrO2 | 4.2 × 10−4 | 84 | 1.0 × 10−7 | 47 |
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Villanueva-Martínez, N.I.; Alegre, C.; Sebastián, D.; Orozco, N.; Lázaro, M.J. On the Effect of the Nature of Carbon Nanostructures on the Activity of Bifunctional Catalysts Based on Manganese Oxide Nanowires. Catalysts 2023, 13, 1240. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13091240
Villanueva-Martínez NI, Alegre C, Sebastián D, Orozco N, Lázaro MJ. On the Effect of the Nature of Carbon Nanostructures on the Activity of Bifunctional Catalysts Based on Manganese Oxide Nanowires. Catalysts. 2023; 13(9):1240. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13091240
Chicago/Turabian StyleVillanueva-Martínez, Nicolás Ignacio, Cinthia Alegre, David Sebastián, Nataly Orozco, and María Jesús Lázaro. 2023. "On the Effect of the Nature of Carbon Nanostructures on the Activity of Bifunctional Catalysts Based on Manganese Oxide Nanowires" Catalysts 13, no. 9: 1240. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13091240