Adsorption of Welan Gum on Montmorillonite and Its Influencing Factors
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Section
2.1. Materials
2.2. Methods
2.2.1. Determination of the Standard Curve of Absorbance–Welan Gum Concentration
2.2.2. Determination of Adsorption Capacity
2.2.3. Evaluation of the Effect of Temperature, pH Value, and Inorganic Salt on Adsorption Performance
- (1)
- Determination of the effect of temperature:
- (2)
- Determination of the effect of pH value:
- (3)
- Determination of the effect of inorganic salt:
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Adsorption Behavior
- (1)
- Standard curve of absorbance–welan concentration:
- (2)
- Adsorption equilibrium state:
3.2. Adsorption Mechanism
3.2.1. FT-IR
3.2.2. XRD
3.2.3. TGA
3.2.4. SEM
3.3. Influencing Factors for Adsorption Behavior
3.3.1. Effect of Temperature
3.3.2. Effect of pH Value
3.3.3. Effect of Inorganic Salt
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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No. | Polymer Types | Key Findings | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Xanthan gum, HPAM | Xanthan has good performance at 80 °C, but weakens when the temperature exceeds 100 °C. | Li et al. [13] |
2 | Xanthan gum, HPAM | Xanthan gum and HPAM have synergistic effects. | Cai [14] |
3 | Xanthan gum, Guanidine gum | XG is affected little by acid, alkali, and bacterial environments. | Ming et al. [15] |
4 | Xanthan gum | It had good salt tolerance, and could be used for enhancing heavy oil recovery. | Xu et al. [16] |
5 | Xanthan gum, welan gum | Welan gum had better viscosity-retention rate (72%) than xanthan gum (50%) at 75 °C. | Xu et al. [17] |
6 | Welan gum, dieter gum, xanthan gum, and HPAM | Welan gum has better temperature resistance than xanthan gum, resulting better ability in improving oil recovery. | Zhou et al. [18] |
7 | Welan gum, HPAM | Welan gum solution is pseudoplastic fluid with good viscoelasticity, and is affected little by sodium ion and potassium ion. | Ji et al. [20] |
8 | Welan gum | It is a good candidate for polymer flooding in reservoirs with high temperatures and high salt content. | Li et al. [21], Wang et al. [22] |
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Liao, K.; An, J.; Fu, L.; Zhang, H.; Wei, M.; Bai, J.; He, Y. Adsorption of Welan Gum on Montmorillonite and Its Influencing Factors. Polymers 2022, 14, 2599. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14132599
Liao K, An J, Fu L, Zhang H, Wei M, Bai J, He Y. Adsorption of Welan Gum on Montmorillonite and Its Influencing Factors. Polymers. 2022; 14(13):2599. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14132599
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiao, Kaili, Junnan An, Lipei Fu, Houye Zhang, Meng Wei, Jinmei Bai, and Yanfeng He. 2022. "Adsorption of Welan Gum on Montmorillonite and Its Influencing Factors" Polymers 14, no. 13: 2599. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14132599