Statistical Modeling and Optimization of the Drawing Process of Bioderived Polylactide/Poly(dodecylene furanoate) Wet-Spun Fibers
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials and Methods
2.2. Sample Preparation
2.2.1. Fiber Spinning
2.2.2. Fiber Drawing
2.3. Characterization
2.3.1. Quasi-Static Tensile Tests
2.3.2. Design of Experiment, Statistical Analysis, and Genetic Optimization
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Elastic Modulus [MPa] | Strain at Break [%] | |
---|---|---|
PLA | 2241 ± 377 | 127 ± 48 |
PLA/PDoF20 | 2545 ± 569 | 76 ± 26 |
Level | −1 | +1 | |
---|---|---|---|
Draw ratio (%) | x1 | 50 | 150 |
Draw rate (mm/min) | x2 | 50 | 100 |
Composition (PDoF wt%) | x3 | 0 | 20 |
Drawing temperature (°C) | x4 | 40 | 70 |
Exp. | Draw Ratio | Draw Rate | PDoF | Temperature | Elastic Modulus | Strain at Break |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NO | [%] | [%/s] | [wt%] | [°C] | [MPa] | [%] |
1 | 50 | 50 | 0 | 40 | 6748 ± 208 | 9.4 ± 2.2 |
2 | 50 | 50 | 0 | 70 | 3936 ± 142 | 74.4 ± 23.2 |
3 | 50 | 50 | 20 | 40 | 4959 ± 1359 | 6.2 ± 3.2 |
4 | 50 | 50 | 20 | 70 | 3068 ± 643 | 223.8 ± 59.1 |
5 | 50 | 100 | 0 | 40 | 5172 ± 1067 | 8.5 ± 2.2 |
6 | 50 | 100 | 0 | 70 | 3819 ± 557 | 101.8 ± 34.7 |
7 | 50 | 100 | 20 | 40 | 4765 ± 1207 | 4.9 ± 1.5 |
8 | 50 | 100 | 20 | 70 | 2976 ± 37 | 142.9 ± 84.4 |
9 | 150 | 50 | 0 | 40 | 3861 ± 547 | 22.3 ± 3.4 |
10 | 150 | 50 | 0 | 70 | 5094 ± 1079 | 39.3 ± 18.2 |
11 | 150 | 50 | 20 | 40 | 2346 ± 96 | 19.1 ± 0.5 |
12 | 150 | 50 | 20 | 70 | 4434 ± 236 | 85.7 ± 28.9 |
13 | 150 | 100 | 0 | 40 | 4274 ± 262 | 13.8 ± 3.7 |
14 | 150 | 100 | 0 | 70 | 3656 ± 157 | 39.5 ± 7.3 |
15 | 150 | 100 | 20 | 40 | 3390 ± 481 | 13.5 ± 0.5 |
16 | 150 | 100 | 20 | 70 | 5192 ± 1881 | 78.8 ± 65.9 |
Df | Sum Sq | Mean Sq | F Value | Pr (>F) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
x1 | 1 | 1,914,524 | 1,914,524 | 2.5995 | 0.115397 | |
x2 | 1 | 271,277 | 271,277 | 0.3683 | 0.547622 | |
x3 | 1 | 5,524,686 | 5,524,686 | 7.5013 | 0.009428 | ** |
x4 | 1 | 2,091,550 | 2,091,550 | 2.8398 | 0.100371 | |
x1:x2 | 1 | 1,424,818 | 1,424,818 | 1.9346 | 0.172567 | |
x1:x3 | 1 | 1,068,242 | 1,068,242 | 1.4504 | 0.236107 | |
x1:x4 | 1 | 28,601,519 | 28,601,519 | 38.8343 | 3.05 × 10−7 | *** |
x2:x3 | 1 | 3,362,590 | 3,362,590 | 4.5656 | 0.039298 | * |
x2:x4 | 1 | 62,460 | 62,460 | 0.0848 | 0.772513 | |
x3:x4 | 1 | 2,649,907 | 2,649,907 | 3.598 | 0.065677 | . |
Df | Sum Sq | Mean Sq | F Value | Pr (>F) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
x1 | 1 | 12,675 | 12,675 | 10.36 | 0.00268 | ** |
x2 | 1 | 1096 | 1096 | 0.8961 | 0.349972 | |
x3 | 1 | 13,267 | 13,267 | 10.8436 | 0.002188 | ** |
x4 | 1 | 88,924 | 88,924 | 72.6824 | 2.94 × 10−10 | *** |
x1:x2 | 1 | 230 | 230 | 0.1877 | 0.667323 | |
x1:x3 | 1 | 1935 | 1935 | 1.582 | 0.216357 | |
x1:x4 | 1 | 21,573 | 21,573 | 17.6329 | 0.000162 | *** |
x2:x3 | 1 | 2389 | 2389 | 1.9523 | 0.170665 | |
x2:x4 | 1 | 360 | 360 | 0.294 | 0.590914 | |
x3:x4 | 1 | 15,394 | 15,394 | 12.5823 | 0.001078 | ** |
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Rigotti, D.; Fredi, G.; Perin, D.; Bikiaris, D.N.; Pegoretti, A.; Dorigato, A. Statistical Modeling and Optimization of the Drawing Process of Bioderived Polylactide/Poly(dodecylene furanoate) Wet-Spun Fibers. Polymers 2022, 14, 396. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14030396
Rigotti D, Fredi G, Perin D, Bikiaris DN, Pegoretti A, Dorigato A. Statistical Modeling and Optimization of the Drawing Process of Bioderived Polylactide/Poly(dodecylene furanoate) Wet-Spun Fibers. Polymers. 2022; 14(3):396. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14030396
Chicago/Turabian StyleRigotti, Daniele, Giulia Fredi, Davide Perin, Dimitrios N. Bikiaris, Alessandro Pegoretti, and Andrea Dorigato. 2022. "Statistical Modeling and Optimization of the Drawing Process of Bioderived Polylactide/Poly(dodecylene furanoate) Wet-Spun Fibers" Polymers 14, no. 3: 396. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14030396