Impact of Bis-O-dihydroferuloyl-1,4-butanediol Content on the Chemical, Enzymatic and Fungal Degradation Processes of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Polymers
2.1.1. Preparation of PHB/BDF Specimens
2.1.2. Preparation of PHB/BDF Films
2.1.3. Preparation of PHB/BDF Powders
2.1.4. Characterization of the Material
Differential Scanning Calorimetry
Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
2.2. Enzymatic and Chemical Degradation
2.2.1. Chemical Degradation
2.2.2. Enzymatic Degradation
2.2.3. Evaluation of the Degradation Potential through Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy
2.3. Fungal Degradation
2.3.1. Sample Collection
2.3.2. Isolation of PHB-Degrading Fungi
2.3.3. Evaluation of the Degradation Potential of PHB
2.3.4. Evaluation of the Degradation Potentials of the PHB Blends through Image Analysis
2.3.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Chemical Degradation
3.2. Enzymatic Degradation
3.3. Fungal Degradation
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Type | Specimen | Film | Powder | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Composition | Tg (°C) | Tm (°C) | Tc (°C) | Tcc (°C) | Tg (°C) | Tm (°C) | Tc (°C) | Tcc (°C) | Tg (°C) | Tm (°C) | Tc (°C) | Tcc (°C) |
PHB | 0.7 | 162.9 | 90.4 | 35.8 | 0.1 | 159.8 | - | 36.5 | - | 170.0 | 92.2 | - |
PHB/BDF 5 w% | 0.0 | 162.0 | 64.1 | 36.2 | −4.7 | 157.7 | - | 32.5 | 0.75 | 160.7 | 66.6 | 31.7 |
PHB/BDF 10 w% | −1.5 | 156.7 | - | 37.2 | 0.8 | 160.1 | - | 39.5 | 0.7 | 158.5 | 58.7 | 34.5 |
PHB/BDF 20 w% | −5.8 | 151.4 | - | 38.0 | −2.5 | 152.7 | - | 39.8 | −4.9 | 150.6 | - | 35.4 |
PHB/BDF 30 w% | −8.6 | 146.7 | - | 44.3 | −11.7 | 140.0 | - | 42.4 | −8.4 | 143.3 | - | 35.9 |
PHB/BDF 40 w% | −9.4 | 144.0 | - | 45.7 | −10.3 | 145.5 | - | 37.4 | −9.1 | 142.2 | - | 38.0 |
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Carboué, Q.; Fadlallah, S.; Werghi, Y.; Longé, L.; Gallos, A.; Allais, F.; Lopez, M. Impact of Bis-O-dihydroferuloyl-1,4-butanediol Content on the Chemical, Enzymatic and Fungal Degradation Processes of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate). Polymers 2022, 14, 1564. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14081564
Carboué Q, Fadlallah S, Werghi Y, Longé L, Gallos A, Allais F, Lopez M. Impact of Bis-O-dihydroferuloyl-1,4-butanediol Content on the Chemical, Enzymatic and Fungal Degradation Processes of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate). Polymers. 2022; 14(8):1564. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14081564
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarboué, Quentin, Sami Fadlallah, Yasmine Werghi, Lionel Longé, Antoine Gallos, Florent Allais, and Michel Lopez. 2022. "Impact of Bis-O-dihydroferuloyl-1,4-butanediol Content on the Chemical, Enzymatic and Fungal Degradation Processes of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)" Polymers 14, no. 8: 1564. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14081564