Study and Microanalysis on the Effect of the Addition of Polypropylene Fibres on the Bending Strength and Carbonization Resistance of Manufactured Sand Concrete
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Raw Materials
2.2. Mix Proportion Design and Specimen Fabrication
2.3. Test Scheme
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Analysis of the Bending Strength
3.2. Analysis of Carbonization Resistance
3.3. Carbonization Depth Prediction Model
3.4. Establishment and Analysis of an RSM
4. Microanalysis
4.1. Phase Composition Testing and Analysis
4.2. Microstructure Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Fine Aggregate | Apparent Density (kg/m3) | Fineness | Bulk Density (kg/m3) | Silt Content (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Manufactured sand | 2610 | 2.6~2.8 | 1500 | 1.8 |
Type | Density (g/cm3) | Elasticity Modulus (MPa) | Breaking Strength (MPa) | Elongation at Break (%) | Melting Point (°C) | Ignition Point (°C) | Acid and Alkali Resistance |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fascicular | 0.91 | >4500 | 450 | 25 ± 5 | 165–175 | 590 | Strong |
No. | Fibre Content (kg/m3) | Fibre Length (mm) | Consumption of Materials (kg/m3) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cement | Fly Ash | Manufactured Sand | Gravel | Water | Water Reducer | |||
MSC | 0 | 0 | 398 | 80 | 763 | 920 | 200 | 4.71 |
PPF(C0.8L6)-MSC | 0.8 | 6 | 398 | 80 | 763 | 920 | 200 | 4.71 |
PPF(C0.8L12)-MSC | 0.8 | 12 | 398 | 80 | 763 | 920 | 200 | 4.71 |
PPF(C0.8L19)-MSC | 0.8 | 19 | 398 | 80 | 763 | 920 | 200 | 4.71 |
PPF(C1L6)-MSC | 1 | 6 | 398 | 80 | 763 | 920 | 200 | 4.71 |
PPF(C1L12)-MSC | 1 | 12 | 398 | 80 | 763 | 920 | 200 | 4.71 |
PPF(C1L19)-MSC | 1 | 19 | 398 | 80 | 763 | 920 | 200 | 4.71 |
PPF(C1.2L6)-MSC | 1.2 | 6 | 398 | 80 | 763 | 920 | 200 | 4.71 |
PPF(C1.2L12)-MSC | 1.2 | 12 | 398 | 80 | 763 | 920 | 200 | 4.71 |
PPF(C1.2L19)-MSC | 1.2 | 19 | 398 | 80 | 763 | 920 | 200 | 4.71 |
Fitting Formula | R2 | |
---|---|---|
MSC | H = 1.03 | 0.976 |
PPF(C0.8L6)-MSC | H = 0.69 | 0.989 |
PPF(C0.8L12)-MSC | H = 0.57 | 0.992 |
PPF(C0.8L19)-MSC | H = 0.74 | 0.988 |
PPF(C1L6)-MSC | H = 0.54 | 0.992 |
PPF(C1L12)-MSC | H = 0.39 | 0.985 |
PPF(C1L19)-MSC | H = 0.56 | 0.989 |
PPF(C1.2L6)-MSC | H = 0.75 | 0.987 |
PPF(C1.2L12)-MSC | H = 0.62 | 0.971 |
PPF(C1.2L19)-MSC | H = 0.75 | 0.974 |
No. | PPF Content (kg/m3) | PPF Length (mm) | Bending Strength (MPa) | Increase in the Dynamic Elastic Modulus after 28 Days of Carbonization (%) | Carbonization Depth after 28 Days of Carbonization (mm) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 0.8 | 6 | 5.1 | 3.84 | 3.54 |
2 | 1 | 6 | 5.63 | 3.58 | 2.89 |
3 | 1.2 | 6 | 5.28 | 3.72 | 3.73 |
4 | 0.8 | 12 | 5.65 | 2.83 | 2.76 |
5 | 1 | 12 | 6.12 | 2.15 | 2.03 |
6 | 1.2 | 12 | 5.79 | 2.74 | 2.84 |
7 | 0.8 | 19 | 5.25 | 4.65 | 3.74 |
8 | 1 | 19 | 5.66 | 4.17 | 3.01 |
9 | 1.2 | 19 | 5.32 | 5.03 | 3.82 |
10 | 1 | 12 | 6.15 | 2.26 | 1.94 |
11 | 1 | 12 | 6.08 | 2.45 | 1.86 |
12 | 1 | 12 | 6.17 | 2.16 | 1.97 |
13 | 1 | 12 | 6.02 | 2.38 | 1.91 |
Response Value | Multiple Regression Equation |
---|---|
Bending strength | y1 = 6.12 + 0.064A + 0.037B − 0.028AB − 0.4A2 − 0.48B2 |
Increase in the dynamic elastic modulus | y2 = 2.32 + 0.032A + 0.45B + 0.13AB + 0.47A2 + 1.54B2 |
Carbonization depth | y3 = 1.96 + 0.058A + 0.068B − 0.027AB + 0.81A2 + 0.96B2 |
Source of Variance | Sum of Squares | Degrees of Freedom (DOF) | Mean Square | F Value | p Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bending strength model | 1.720 | 5 | 0.346 | 151.47 | <0.0001 ** |
A | 0.025 | 1 | 0.025 | 10.85 | 0.013 * |
B | 0.008 | 1 | 0.008 | 3.53 | 0.102 |
AB | 0.003 | 1 | 0.003 | 1.34 | 0.285 |
Model for the increase in the dynamic elastic modulus | 11.70 | 5 | 2.34 | 101.70 | <0.0001 ** |
A | 0.006 | 1 | 0.006 | 0.26 | 0.626 |
B | 1.22 | 1 | 1.22 | 53.21 | 0.0002 ** |
AB | 0.065 | 1 | 0.065 | 2.84 | 0.136 |
Model for the carbonization depth | 7.05 | 5 | 1.41 | 401.13 | <0.0001 ** |
A | 0.020 | 1 | 0.020 | 5.66 | 0.049 * |
B | 0.028 | 1 | 0.028 | 7.97 | 0.026 * |
AB | 0.03 | 1 | 0.003 | 0.81 | 0.397 |
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Tan, Y.; Ma, C.; Zhao, B.; Xiong, W.; Chen, X.; Yu, J. Study and Microanalysis on the Effect of the Addition of Polypropylene Fibres on the Bending Strength and Carbonization Resistance of Manufactured Sand Concrete. Polymers 2023, 15, 2139. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15092139
Tan Y, Ma C, Zhao B, Xiong W, Chen X, Yu J. Study and Microanalysis on the Effect of the Addition of Polypropylene Fibres on the Bending Strength and Carbonization Resistance of Manufactured Sand Concrete. Polymers. 2023; 15(9):2139. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15092139
Chicago/Turabian StyleTan, Yan, Chong Ma, Ben Zhao, Wei Xiong, Xingxiang Chen, and Jiangtao Yu. 2023. "Study and Microanalysis on the Effect of the Addition of Polypropylene Fibres on the Bending Strength and Carbonization Resistance of Manufactured Sand Concrete" Polymers 15, no. 9: 2139. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15092139