Use of Wild Relatives in Durum Wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum Desf.) Breeding Program: Adaptation and Stability in Context of Contrasting Environments in Tunisia
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Genetic Material and Site Description
2.2. Trial Management
2.3. Data Collection and Statistical Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Variance and AMMI Analysis
3.2. Performance of Grain Yield and Stability of Genotypes
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Line | Name | Type | Pedigree |
---|---|---|---|
1 | DWAyT_0204 | Wild relative-derived | Younes/TdicoAlpCol//Korifla |
2 | DWAyT_0214 | Wild relative-derived | Korifla/AegSpeltoidesSyr//Amedakul |
3 | Faraj | Commercial variety | F413J.S/3/Arthur71/Lahn//Blk2/Lahn/4/Quarmal |
4 | Nachit | Wild relative-derived | Amedakul1/TdicoSyrCol//Loukos |
5 | DWAyT_0306 | Wild relative-derived | Korifla/AegSpeltoidesSyr//Heider |
6 | Jabal | Wild relative-derived | Korifla/AegSpeltoidesSyr//Mrb5 |
7 | Waha | Commercial variety | Plc/Ruff//Gta/Rtte |
8 | Magrour | Wild relative-derived | Amedakul1/TdicoSyrCol//Cham1 |
9 | Icakassem1 | Elite | Geromtel1/Icasyr1 |
10 | DWAyT_0217 | Wild relative-derived | Korifla/AegSpeltoidesSyr//Loukos |
11 | Jabal 2 | Wild relative-derived | Korifla/AegSpeltoidesSyr//Mrb5 |
12 | Secondroue | Elite | Stj3//Bcr/Lks4/3/Ter3/4/Bcr/Gro1//Mgnl1 |
13 | DAWRyT_0208 | Wild relative-derived | Korifla/AegSpeltoidesSyr/Amedakul |
14 | DAWRyT0122 | Wild relative-derived | Amedakul1/TdicoJCol//Cham1 |
15 | DWAyT_0205 | Wild relative-derived | Younes/TdicoAlpCol//Korifla |
16 | Tomouh | Commercial variety | Joric69/Hau |
17 | DWAyT-0322 | Wild relative-derived | Heider/TAraticumMA//Mrb5 |
18 | Omrabi5 | Commercial variety | Joric69/Hau |
19 | Zagharin2 | Elite | Icasyr1/3/Gcn//Stj/Mrb3 |
20 | Ouassara1 | Elite | Ouasloukos1/5/Azn1/4/BEZAIZSHF//SD19539/Waha/3/Gdr2 |
21 | Icacube | Elite | Mgnl3/Ainzen1//Mgnl3/Ainzen1 |
22 | Aghramatlas | Elite | Mgnl3/Ainzen1//Mgnl3/Aghrass2 |
23 | Icaverve | Elite | Azeghar1/4/IcamorTA0462/3/Maamouri3//Vitron/Bidra1/5/Mgnl3/Ainzen1 |
24 | Icamoram 7 | Wild relative-derived | TAraraticum0472/Ammar7 |
25 | Salim | Local check variety | ALTAR84/FD8419-126-1-2/RAZZAK/3/KORIFLA/BALADIAHAMRA |
Environment | Season | Location | Coordinates | Altitude (m) | Soil Texture | pH | OM (%) 1 | CaCO3 (%) 2 | N (ppm) 3 | P (ppm) 4 | K (ppm) 5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kef_15 | 2014–2015 | Kef | 36°11′10″ N; 8°42′00″ E | 532 | Clay-loam | 7.91 | 1.41 | 25.67 | 98.00 | 16.53 | 510.00 |
Kef_16 | 2015–2016 | ||||||||||
Kef_17 | 2016–2017 | ||||||||||
Kef_18 | 2017–2018 | ||||||||||
Beja_16 | 2015–2016 | Beja | 36°43′ N; 9°12′ E | 161 | Vertic | 7.00 | 2.10 | 2.30 | 87.53 | 80.00 | 621.00 |
Beja_19 | 2018–2019 |
Environment | Total | October | Noveber | December | Janunary | February | March | April | May | June | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rainfall (mm) | Kef_15 | 362.0 | 33.0 | 43.0 | 60.0 | 70.0 | 66.0 | 66.0 | 0.0 | 22.0 | 2.0 |
Kef_16 | 298.0 | 28.0 | 42.0 | 4.0 | 55.0 | 13.0 | 89.0 | 30.0 | 32.0 | 5.0 | |
Kef_17 | 242.0 | 11.0 | 43.0 | 51.0 | 32.0 | 24.0 | 2.0 | 40.0 | 2.0 | 37.0 | |
Kef_18 | 340.1 | 27.0 | 96.2 | 23.2 | 32.4 | 31.6 | 41.4 | 39.7 | 8.2 | 40.4 | |
Beja_16 | 502.3 | 77.5 | 108.8 | 21.4 | 65.0 | 39.2 | 115.6 | 23.4 | 40.4 | 11.0 | |
Beja_19 | 678.2 | 122.8 | 75.4 | 39.8 | 138.4 | 49.8 | 108.8 | 37.0 | 106.2 | 0.0 | |
Average | 44.9 | 49.9 | 68.1 | 33.2 | 65.5 | 37.3 | 70.5 | 28.4 | 35.1 | 15.9 | |
Avg. temperature (°C) | Kef_15 | 14.7 | 20.8 | 15.0 | 7.4 | 9.9 | 8.2 | 13.7 | 10.9 | 23.4 | 23.1 |
Kef_16 | 17.6 | 22.4 | 14.6 | 9.6 | 12.6 | 11.2 | 16.2 | 18.5 | 25.3 | 28.3 | |
Kef_17 | 15.7 | 20.8 | 14.3 | 10.1 | 6.7 | 12.5 | 12.3 | 17.0 | 21.2 | 26.5 | |
Kef_18 | 16.5 | 16.8 | 15.5 | 10.0 | 10.8 | 10.3 | 15.7 | 18.0 | 23.0 | 28.7 | |
Beja_16 | 10.6 | 14.1 | 11.4 | 5.1 | 6.4 | 6.5 | 6.2 | 9.6 | 12.0 | 24.3 | |
Beja_19 | 16.8 | 18.5 | 17.1 | 15.6 | 13.4 | 12.9 | 16.6 | 13.2 | 17.3 | 26.3 | |
Average | 15.3 | 18.9 | 14.6 | 9.6 | 9.9 | 10.3 | 13.4 | 14.5 | 20.3 | 26.2 |
Sources of Variance | df | Sum Square | % (G + E + G × E) 1 |
---|---|---|---|
Genotypes (G) | 24 | 579.98 ** | 2.62 |
Environment (E) | 5 | 16,422.55 ** | 72.05 |
G × E | 120 | 5769.77 ** | 25.33 |
Line | Grain Yield Converted into Ratios to Salim | AWAI | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kef_15 | Kef_16 | Kef_17 | Kef_18 | Beja_16 | Beja_19 | Mean | Groups 1 | ||
1 | 1.13 | 0.71 | 1.11 | 0.96 | 1.01 | 1.48 | 1.04 | A | 0.72 |
2 | 0.88 | 0.79 | 0.64 | 0.85 | 1.01 | 1.14 | 0.89 | AB | 0.65 |
3 | 1.01 | 0.66 | 0.81 | 0.75 | 1.08 | 1.27 | 0.93 | AB | 0.72 |
4 | 1.08 | 0.77 | 1.10 | 0.68 | 1.01 | 1.07 | 0.95 | AB | 0.79 |
5 | 1.46 | 0.82 | 0.84 | 0.80 | 1.24 | 1.05 | 1.07 | A | 0.72 |
6 | 1.24 | 0.74 | 0.70 | 0.58 | 0.93 | 1.18 | 0.91 | AB | 0.83 |
7 | 1.34 | 0.67 | 0.84 | 0.86 | 0.95 | 1.00 | 0.96 | AB | 0.66 |
8 | 1.20 | 0.57 | 0.57 | 0.83 | 1.11 | 1.29 | 0.94 | AB | 0.82 |
9 | 1.25 | 0.96 | 0.64 | 0.84 | 1.36 | 1.29 | 1.09 | A | 0.87 |
10 | 1.27 | 0.93 | 0.79 | 0.73 | 1.19 | 1.11 | 1.03 | AB | 0.85 |
11 | 1.35 | 0.66 | 0.72 | 0.75 | 1.00 | 0.97 | 0.94 | AB | 0.64 |
12 | 1.41 | 0.92 | 0.45 | 0.58 | 1.13 | 1.22 | 1.00 | AB | 0.58 |
13 | 1.23 | 1.00 | 0.28 | 0.71 | 0.94 | 1.12 | 0.93 | AB | 0.67 |
14 | 1.33 | 0.75 | 0.10 | 0.80 | 1.14 | 1.39 | 0.97 | AB | 0.64 |
15 | 1.20 | 0.85 | 0.21 | 0.79 | 0.94 | 0.98 | 0.88 | B | 0.75 |
16 | 1.18 | 0.62 | 1.00 | 0.84 | 0.87 | 1.13 | 0.93 | AB | 0.83 |
17 | 1.14 | 0.49 | 0.48 | 0.70 | 1.12 | 1.41 | 0.90 | AB | 0.76 |
18 | 1.19 | 0.90 | 0.46 | 0.83 | 1.04 | 1.30 | 0.98 | AB | 0.86 |
19 | 1.18 | 0.64 | 0.95 | 0.80 | 1.13 | 1.05 | 0.96 | AB | 0.85 |
20 | 1.60 | 0.76 | 0.76 | 0.68 | 0.91 | 1.14 | 1.01 | AB | 0.46 |
21 | 1.17 | 0.83 | 0.86 | 0.71 | 1.07 | 1.31 | 1.00 | AB | 0.91 |
22 | 0.86 | 0.51 | 0.88 | 0.92 | 1.44 | 1.11 | 0.95 | AB | 0.38 |
23 | 1.02 | 1.01 | 1.10 | 0.75 | 1.18 | 1.33 | 1.06 | A | 0.63 |
24 | 0.79 | 0.93 | 0.87 | 0.64 | 1.01 | 1.30 | 0.91 | AB | 0.46 |
25 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | AB | 0.57 |
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Ayed, S.; Bouhaouel, I.; Othmani, A.; Bassi, F.M. Use of Wild Relatives in Durum Wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum Desf.) Breeding Program: Adaptation and Stability in Context of Contrasting Environments in Tunisia. Agronomy 2021, 11, 1782. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11091782
Ayed S, Bouhaouel I, Othmani A, Bassi FM. Use of Wild Relatives in Durum Wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum Desf.) Breeding Program: Adaptation and Stability in Context of Contrasting Environments in Tunisia. Agronomy. 2021; 11(9):1782. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11091782
Chicago/Turabian StyleAyed, Sourour, Imen Bouhaouel, Afef Othmani, and Filippo Maria Bassi. 2021. "Use of Wild Relatives in Durum Wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum Desf.) Breeding Program: Adaptation and Stability in Context of Contrasting Environments in Tunisia" Agronomy 11, no. 9: 1782. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11091782