Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on Dry Matter Weight and Yield of Direct-Seeded Rice under Straw Return

Ma, Peng; Zhang, Ke-Yuan; Liao, Xue-Huan; Aer, Li-Se; Yang, Er-Luo; Deng, Jun; Zhou, Lin; Zhang, Rong-Ping

doi:10.3390/agronomy13123058

Open AccessArticle

Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on Dry Matter Weight and Yield of Direct-Seeded Rice under Straw Return

by

Peng Ma

^†,

Ke-Yuan Zhang

^†,

Xue-Huan Liao

^†,

Li-Se Aer

,

Er-Luo Yang

,

Jun Deng

,

Lin Zhou

and

Rong-Ping Zhang

^*

School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

^†

These authors contributed equally to this work.

Agronomy 2023, 13(12), 3058; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13123058

Submission received: 20 October 2023 / Revised: 6 December 2023 / Accepted: 11 December 2023 / Published: 14 December 2023

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Abstract

Straw is an agricultural byproduct that results from the production of many crops, such as cereals, yet it is often considered a waste product. However, straw has both historical precedent and future potential as an agricultural resource. In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of returning straw to the soil on rice cultivation. To this end, we used the hybrid rice variety Luliangyou Jingling as the test material to study the effect of straw return under four different nitrogen application levels (0 kg N (N1), 120 kg N/hm² (N2), 150 kg N/hm² (N3), and 180 kg N/hm² (N4)) on rice tillering dynamics, leaf area index (LAI), dry matter accumulation, and yield. We found that rice under straw return had a higher number of effective panicles, along with a higher number of grains per panicle, compared to those without straw return. Additionally, the tiller number, LAI, total dry matter, and yield of rice in each main growth period under straw return were higher than those without straw return, and these values increased with an increase in nitrogen application rate. The yield was the highest at 9520.63 kg/hm² without straw return, while the highest yield with straw return was achieved at 10,738.26 kg/hm². Our results revealed the optimal nitrogen application level for high yield of two-line direct-seeded rice under straw return, which provides a theoretical reference for the precise reduction of fertilizer application in rice cultivation.

Keywords: straw return; N fertilization; leaf area index; dry matter; yield

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MDPI and ACS Style

Ma, P.; Zhang, K.-Y.; Liao, X.-H.; Aer, L.-S.; Yang, E.-L.; Deng, J.; Zhou, L.; Zhang, R.-P. Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on Dry Matter Weight and Yield of Direct-Seeded Rice under Straw Return. Agronomy 2023, 13, 3058. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13123058

AMA Style

Ma P, Zhang K-Y, Liao X-H, Aer L-S, Yang E-L, Deng J, Zhou L, Zhang R-P. Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on Dry Matter Weight and Yield of Direct-Seeded Rice under Straw Return. Agronomy. 2023; 13(12):3058. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13123058

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ma, Peng, Ke-Yuan Zhang, Xue-Huan Liao, Li-Se Aer, Er-Luo Yang, Jun Deng, Lin Zhou, and Rong-Ping Zhang. 2023. "Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on Dry Matter Weight and Yield of Direct-Seeded Rice under Straw Return" Agronomy 13, no. 12: 3058. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13123058

APA Style

Ma, P., Zhang, K.-Y., Liao, X.-H., Aer, L.-S., Yang, E.-L., Deng, J., Zhou, L., & Zhang, R.-P. (2023). Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on Dry Matter Weight and Yield of Direct-Seeded Rice under Straw Return. Agronomy, 13(12), 3058. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13123058

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Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on Dry Matter Weight and Yield of Direct-Seeded Rice under Straw Return

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