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Agronomy
Volume 13
Issue 2
10.3390/agronomy13020489
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Review

Bioengineering of Canopy Photosynthesis in Rice for Securing Global Food Security: A Critical Review

by
Chandrapal Vishwakarma
1,2,
Gopinathan Kumar Krishna
3,
Riti Thapar Kapoor
2,
Komal Mathur
2,
Shambhu Krishan Lal
4,
Ravi Prakash Saini
5,
Pranjal Yadava
1 and
Viswanathan Chinnusamy
1,*
1
Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, Delhi, India
2
Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201313, India
3
Department of Plant Physiology, KAU-College of Agriculture, Thrissur 680656, Kerala, India
4
ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi 834003, Jharkhand, India
5
ICAR-Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi 284003, Uttar Pradesh, India
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Agronomy 2023, 13(2), 489; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13020489
Submission received: 25 November 2022 / Revised: 27 December 2022 / Accepted: 3 January 2023 / Published: 8 February 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Rice Physioecology and Sustainable Cultivation)
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Abstract

The emerging threat of climate change is posing a scientific conundrum for global food and nutritional security. As a primary staple food, half of the global human population is supported by rice crop. Thus, enhancing rice yield is highly critical to ensure food security. Photosynthesis is the defining physiological process of plants that determines maximum attainable yield. Efficiently capturing solar radiation and converting the carbon assimilates into rice grain is critical to achieve high yield. Genetic interventions to modify the plant architecture for enhanced light capture can improve rice yield significantly. Enhancement of cellular photosynthesis by synthetic biology approaches targeting important nodes of the light harvesting and carbon assimilation pathways are critical for breaking yield ceiling. The possible targets for improving photosynthesis include the light capture, chloroplast electron transport, Calvin cycle enzymes, sugar transport mechanisms, minimization of photorespiration, and improving source–sink relations. Conversion of C3 rice into a C4 type plant is also an option being vigorously pursued. Here, we review the determinants of canopy photosynthesis in rice with special reference to genetic factors and cellular photosynthetic capacity.
Keywords: chloroplast; CO2-concentrating mechanisms; crop modeling; productivity; radiation use efficiency; QTL chloroplast; CO2-concentrating mechanisms; crop modeling; productivity; radiation use efficiency; QTL

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MDPI and ACS Style

Vishwakarma, C.; Krishna, G.K.; Kapoor, R.T.; Mathur, K.; Lal, S.K.; Saini, R.P.; Yadava, P.; Chinnusamy, V. Bioengineering of Canopy Photosynthesis in Rice for Securing Global Food Security: A Critical Review. Agronomy 2023, 13, 489. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13020489

AMA Style

Vishwakarma C, Krishna GK, Kapoor RT, Mathur K, Lal SK, Saini RP, Yadava P, Chinnusamy V. Bioengineering of Canopy Photosynthesis in Rice for Securing Global Food Security: A Critical Review. Agronomy. 2023; 13(2):489. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13020489

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vishwakarma, Chandrapal, Gopinathan Kumar Krishna, Riti Thapar Kapoor, Komal Mathur, Shambhu Krishan Lal, Ravi Prakash Saini, Pranjal Yadava, and Viswanathan Chinnusamy. 2023. "Bioengineering of Canopy Photosynthesis in Rice for Securing Global Food Security: A Critical Review" Agronomy 13, no. 2: 489. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13020489

APA Style

Vishwakarma, C., Krishna, G. K., Kapoor, R. T., Mathur, K., Lal, S. K., Saini, R. P., Yadava, P., & Chinnusamy, V. (2023). Bioengineering of Canopy Photosynthesis in Rice for Securing Global Food Security: A Critical Review. Agronomy, 13(2), 489. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13020489

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