Type III Secretion Effectors of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola: The Arsenal to Attack Equivalent Rice Defense for Invasion
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Type III Secretion System Is Essential for Virulence of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola
2.1. Type III Secretion System of Xoc
2.2. Non-TALEs from Xoc
2.3. TALEs from Xoc
Effectors | Targets | Function and Mechanism of Effector-Targets | References |
---|---|---|---|
Non-TALEs | |||
AvrRxo1 | NAD; OsPDX1 | Phosphotransferase; cytotoxicity; degradation; suppression of VB6 biosynthesis; activation of stomatal opening | [46,47,48,49,50] |
AvrBs2 | Unknown | Suppression of PAMP-triggered defense | [52,53] |
XopN | Unknown | Unknown | [53] |
XopC2 | OSK1 | Phosphorylation; activation of JA signaling and stomatal opening | [56] |
XopAP | PtdIns(3,5)P2 | Lipase; binding and competing; suppression of stomatal defense | [57] |
XopAk | OsMYBxoc1 | Transcriptional suppression; accumulation of iron ions | [58] |
TALEs | |||
Tal2g/Tal5d | OsSULTR3;6 | Transcriptional activation | [11,59] |
Tal2h | Xo1 | Protein–protein interaction; suppression of Xo1-mediated resistance | [60,61] |
Tal2a | UCH | Transcriptional activation; induction of hypersensitive reaction | [62] |
Tal7 | CycD4;1 | Transcriptional activation; suppression of avrXa7-Xa7-mediated resistance | [63] |
Tal10a | OsHXK5 | Transcriptional activation; suppression of PR gene expression and MAPK activation | [64] |
TalI | Unknown | Transcriptional activation; interference of SA signaling | [65] |
Tal2b | OsF3H03g | Transcriptional activation; reduction in SA level | [9] |
Tal2c | OsF3H04g | Transcriptional activation; reduction in SA level | [66] |
3. Diffusible Signal Factor (DSF)-Mediated Quorum Sensing (QS) and Extracellular Polysaccharides (EPSs) Are Involved in Xoc Virulence
4. Other Factors Affect the Virulence of Xoc
4.1. Molecules
4.2. Two-Component Regulatory System (TCS)
4.3. Other Factors
5. Discussion and Perspectives
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Tan, N.; Huang, Y.; Miao, W.; Zhang, Q.; Wu, T. Type III Secretion Effectors of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola: The Arsenal to Attack Equivalent Rice Defense for Invasion. Agronomy 2024, 14, 1881. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14091881
Tan N, Huang Y, Miao W, Zhang Q, Wu T. Type III Secretion Effectors of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola: The Arsenal to Attack Equivalent Rice Defense for Invasion. Agronomy. 2024; 14(9):1881. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14091881
Chicago/Turabian StyleTan, Nawei, Yechao Huang, Weiguo Miao, Qingxia Zhang, and Tao Wu. 2024. "Type III Secretion Effectors of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola: The Arsenal to Attack Equivalent Rice Defense for Invasion" Agronomy 14, no. 9: 1881. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14091881