French Bean Production as Influenced by Biochar and Biochar Blended Manure Application in Two Agro-Ecological Zones of Rwanda
Abstract
:1. Background
2. Material and Methods
2.1. Description of the Study Site and Experiments
2.2. Biochar and Manure Preparation
2.3. Soil, Biochar, and Livestock Manure Analysis
2.4. Determination of French Bean Yield
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. The Effect of Co-Applying Biochar with Manure on French Bean Yield
3.2. The Effect of Biochar and Biochar + Manure on Soil Chemical Properties
4. Discussion
Biochar and Biochar + Manure Effect on Yield of French Beans in the Studied Soils
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Tonga Station | Rusagara Station | |
---|---|---|
Latitude | 1°33′37″ S | 2°12′19″ S |
Longitude | 30°05′28″ E | 30°13′04″ E |
Temperature (°C) | 20 | 27 |
Annual rainfall (mm) | 1160 | 943 |
Soil classification | Gleyic Acrisols | Ferralic Cambisols |
Land use/vegetation | Follow | Agriculture/maize |
Texture | Sand clay loam | Sandy loam |
Soil pH | 4.34 ± 0.4 | 4.01 ± 0.75 |
Soil Organic Carbon (S.OC) % | 0.74 ± 0.39 | 0.68 ± 0.47 |
Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) (col(+)/kg) | 4.63 ± 1.43 | 3.84 ± 1.07 |
Available Phosphorus (P) | 3.08 ± 1.15 | 3.71 ± 1.04 |
Total Nitrogen (T.N.) % | 0.06 ± 0.02 | 0.04 ± 0.02 |
Soil Parameters | BE | BGr | BGl | Bses | BAc | LM |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
pH | 9.33 | 9.05 | 9.87 | 7.96 | 7.26 | 9.00 |
EC ds/m | 1.35 | 2.42 | 2.86 | 3.45 | 3.79 | 2.51 |
Total OC (%) | 71.80 | 79.7 | 65.00 | 70.89 | 68.00 | 50.82 |
TN (%) | 0.68 | 0.38 | 1.00 | 1.52 | 1.32 | 2.40 |
Total P (%) | 0.09 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.07 | 0.04 | 0.90 |
CEC(cmol+/kg) | 26.40 | 24.00 | 28.1 | 45.7 | 45.8 | 67.25 |
Total Ca (ppm) | 0.12 | 0.27 | 0.44 | 0.42 | 0.39 | 0.35 |
Total K (ppm) | 0.15 | 1.36 | 4.35 | 4.67 | 5.78 | 2.82 |
Total Mg (ppm) | 0.19 | 0.17 | 0.12 | 0.15 | 0.19 | 0.21 |
Ashes (%) | 0.78 | 0.65 | 2.10 | 0.60 | 0.20 | - |
Trt Code | Biochar Application (t/ha) | Manure Application (t/ha) | N |
---|---|---|---|
B0 + MO (Control) | 0 | 0 | 4 |
B1E | 1 | 0 | 4 |
B1Gl | 1 | 0 | 4 |
B1Ses | 1 | 0 | 4 |
B1Gr | 1 | 0 | 4 |
B3E | 3 | 0 | 4 |
B3Ses | 3 | 0 | 4 |
B3Ac | 3 | 0 | 4 |
LM1 | 0 | 1 | 4 |
LM3 | 0 | 3 | 4 |
B1E + LM1 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
B1Ses + LM1 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
B1E + LM3 | 1 | 3 | 4 |
B1Ses + LM3 | 1 | 3 | 4 |
B3E + LM1 | 3 | 1 | 4 |
B3Ses + LM1 | 3 | 1 | 4 |
B3E + LM3 | 3 | 3 | 4 |
B3Ses + LM3 | 3 | 3 | 4 |
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Uwingabire, S.; Chamshama, S.A.O.; Nduwamungu, J.; Nyberg, G. French Bean Production as Influenced by Biochar and Biochar Blended Manure Application in Two Agro-Ecological Zones of Rwanda. Agronomy 2024, 14, 2020. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14092020
Uwingabire S, Chamshama SAO, Nduwamungu J, Nyberg G. French Bean Production as Influenced by Biochar and Biochar Blended Manure Application in Two Agro-Ecological Zones of Rwanda. Agronomy. 2024; 14(9):2020. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14092020
Chicago/Turabian StyleUwingabire, Solange, Shaban Athuman Omar Chamshama, Jean Nduwamungu, and Gert Nyberg. 2024. "French Bean Production as Influenced by Biochar and Biochar Blended Manure Application in Two Agro-Ecological Zones of Rwanda" Agronomy 14, no. 9: 2020. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14092020