Bone Disease in Multiple Myeloma: Biologic and Clinical Implications
Abstract
:1. Introduction: MM Pathogenesis
2. Myeloma Bone Disease
2.1. Basic Biology of Non-Diseased State (Expanding Pathogenesis)
2.2. MM Diseased State
2.3. Available Treatment Agents
Bisphosphonate Safety Precautions
3. Denosumab
3.1. Denosumab in Metastatic Bone Disease
3.2. Denosumab in MM
4. Guideline Recommendations
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Treatment a | Disease Group | n | Median Time to First SRE (Months) | Hazard Ratio | Renal Toxicity d |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Denosumab | Breast cancer [122] | 1026 | NR c | 0.82 (0.71−0.95); p < 0.001 | 4.9% |
Prostate cancer [121] | 950 | 20.7 | 0.82 (0.71–0.95); p = 0.0002 | 16% | |
Solid tumors b [120] | 886 | 20.6 | 0.82 (0.71–0.98); p = 0.0007 | 8.3% | |
Multiple Myeloma [123] | 859 | 22.83 | 0.98 (0.85–1.14); p = 0.01 | 10% | |
Zoledronic acid | Breast cancer [122] | 1020 | 26.4 | − | 8.5% |
Prostate cancer [121] | 951 | 17.1 | − | 15% | |
Solid tumors [120] | 890 | 16.3 | − | 10.9% | |
Multiple Myeloma [123] | 859 | 23.98 | − | 17.1% |
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Bernstein, Z.S.; Kim, E.B.; Raje, N. Bone Disease in Multiple Myeloma: Biologic and Clinical Implications. Cells 2022, 11, 2308. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11152308
Bernstein ZS, Kim EB, Raje N. Bone Disease in Multiple Myeloma: Biologic and Clinical Implications. Cells. 2022; 11(15):2308. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11152308
Chicago/Turabian StyleBernstein, Zachary S., E. Bridget Kim, and Noopur Raje. 2022. "Bone Disease in Multiple Myeloma: Biologic and Clinical Implications" Cells 11, no. 15: 2308. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11152308
APA StyleBernstein, Z. S., Kim, E. B., & Raje, N. (2022). Bone Disease in Multiple Myeloma: Biologic and Clinical Implications. Cells, 11(15), 2308. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11152308