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Volume 12
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10.3390/genes12101509
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Article

Major Depressive Disorder and Lifestyle: Correlated Genetic Effects in Extended Twin Pedigrees

by
Floris Huider
1,2,*,
Yuri Milaneschi
2,3,
Matthijs D. van der Zee
1,
Eco J. C. de Geus
1,2,
Quinta Helmer
1,
Brenda W. J. H. Penninx
2,3 and
Dorret I. Boomsma
1,2
1
Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
2
Amsterdam Public Health (APH) Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
3
Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HJ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Genes 2021, 12(10), 1509; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes12101509
Submission received: 26 July 2021 / Revised: 21 September 2021 / Accepted: 22 September 2021 / Published: 26 September 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genomics of Neuropsychiatric Disorders)
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Abstract

In recent years, evidence has accumulated with regard to the ubiquity of pleiotropy across the genome, and shared genetic etiology is thought to play a large role in the widespread comorbidity among psychiatric disorders and risk factors. Recent methods investigate pleiotropy by estimating genetic correlation from genome-wide association summary statistics. More comprehensive estimates can be derived from the known relatedness between genetic relatives. Analysis of extended twin pedigree data allows for the estimation of genetic correlation for additive and non-additive genetic effects, as well as a shared household effect. Here we conduct a series of bivariate genetic analyses in extended twin pedigree data on lifetime major depressive disorder (MDD) and three indicators of lifestyle, namely smoking behavior, physical inactivity, and obesity, decomposing phenotypic variance and covariance into genetic and environmental components. We analyze lifetime MDD and lifestyle data in a large multigenerational dataset of 19,496 individuals by variance component analysis in the ‘Mendel’ software. We find genetic correlations for MDD and smoking behavior (rG = 0.249), physical inactivity (rG = 0.161), body-mass index (rG = 0.081), and obesity (rG = 0.155), which were primarily driven by additive genetic effects. These outcomes provide evidence in favor of a shared genetic etiology between MDD and the lifestyle factors.
Keywords: major depressive disorder; lifestyle; extended twin pedigree; variance decomposition; Mendel; genetic correlation; pleiotropy major depressive disorder; lifestyle; extended twin pedigree; variance decomposition; Mendel; genetic correlation; pleiotropy
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MDPI and ACS Style

Huider, F.; Milaneschi, Y.; van der Zee, M.D.; de Geus, E.J.C.; Helmer, Q.; Penninx, B.W.J.H.; Boomsma, D.I. Major Depressive Disorder and Lifestyle: Correlated Genetic Effects in Extended Twin Pedigrees. Genes 2021, 12, 1509. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes12101509

AMA Style

Huider F, Milaneschi Y, van der Zee MD, de Geus EJC, Helmer Q, Penninx BWJH, Boomsma DI. Major Depressive Disorder and Lifestyle: Correlated Genetic Effects in Extended Twin Pedigrees. Genes. 2021; 12(10):1509. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes12101509

Chicago/Turabian Style

Huider, Floris, Yuri Milaneschi, Matthijs D. van der Zee, Eco J. C. de Geus, Quinta Helmer, Brenda W. J. H. Penninx, and Dorret I. Boomsma. 2021. "Major Depressive Disorder and Lifestyle: Correlated Genetic Effects in Extended Twin Pedigrees" Genes 12, no. 10: 1509. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes12101509

APA Style

Huider, F., Milaneschi, Y., van der Zee, M. D., de Geus, E. J. C., Helmer, Q., Penninx, B. W. J. H., & Boomsma, D. I. (2021). Major Depressive Disorder and Lifestyle: Correlated Genetic Effects in Extended Twin Pedigrees. Genes, 12(10), 1509. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes12101509

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