No Evidence That Vitamin D Levels or Deficiency Are Associated with the Risk of Open-Angle Glaucoma in Individuals of European Ancestry: A Mendelian Randomisation Analysis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Vitamin D Levels: The SUNLIGHT Consortium
2.2. Vitamin D Deficiency: The UK Biobank
2.3. Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma
2.4. Statistical Analysis
2.5. Vitamin D Metabolic Pathway Variants
2.6. Sensitivity Analysis
2.6.1. Replication Cohort: FinnGen R9
2.6.2. Vitamin D Levels p-Value Threshold
2.6.3. Vitamin D Deficiency Winter Samples
3. Results
3.1. Levels of Vitamin D and POAG
3.2. Vitamin D Deficiency and POAG
3.3. Sensitivity Analyses
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Kanso, N.; Hashimi, M.; Amin, H.A.; Day, A.C.; Drenos, F. No Evidence That Vitamin D Levels or Deficiency Are Associated with the Risk of Open-Angle Glaucoma in Individuals of European Ancestry: A Mendelian Randomisation Analysis. Genes 2024, 15, 1084. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15081084
Kanso N, Hashimi M, Amin HA, Day AC, Drenos F. No Evidence That Vitamin D Levels or Deficiency Are Associated with the Risk of Open-Angle Glaucoma in Individuals of European Ancestry: A Mendelian Randomisation Analysis. Genes. 2024; 15(8):1084. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15081084
Chicago/Turabian StyleKanso, Nour, Munisa Hashimi, Hasnat A. Amin, Alexander C. Day, and Fotios Drenos. 2024. "No Evidence That Vitamin D Levels or Deficiency Are Associated with the Risk of Open-Angle Glaucoma in Individuals of European Ancestry: A Mendelian Randomisation Analysis" Genes 15, no. 8: 1084. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15081084