Relationship between Capillaroscopic Architectural Patterns and Different Variant Subgroups in Fabry Disease: Analysis of Cases from a Multidisciplinary Center
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Fabry Disease Overview
1.2. Fabry Disease as a Vascular Systemic Pathology
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Purpose
2.2. Study Design and Procedures
Nailfold Capillaroscopy: Methodology
2.3. Ethical Aspects
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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CLASSIC (n = 7) | LATE ONSET (n = 10) | VUS (n = 8) | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age, yo | 42.4 ± 14.7 | 42.2 ± 16 | 42.7 ± 15.8 | 0.998 |
Males, n (%) | 5 (71.5) | 2 (20) | 4 (50) | 0.139 |
alpha-gal-A (nmol/mL/h) | 3.37 ± 4.35 | 9.39±4.98 | 9.93 ± 2.21 | 0.070 |
Lyso-GB3 (nmol/L) | 21.6 (14–29) | 1.4 (0.8–1.75) | 1.3 (1–1.65) | 0.002 |
Average Length | ||||
Normal | 1 | 7 | 4 | 0.043 |
Increased | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0.223 |
Reduced | 7 | 0 | 2 | <0.001 |
Flow | ||||
Visible | 0 | 3 | 2 | 0.229 |
Sludge | 7 | 1 | 3 | 0.004 |
Not visible | 1 | 6 | 2 | 0.090 |
Loop Tortuosity | ||||
<20% | 5 | 0 | 1 | 0.008 |
20–50 | 2 | 9 | 5 | 0.009 |
>50% | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0.683 |
Ectasia | ||||
<10% | 3 | 6 | 3 | 0.605 |
10–30 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0.570 |
30–50 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0.239 |
>50% | 4 | 0 | 3 | 0.037 |
Sub-papillary plexus | ||||
Visible | 4 | 4 | 1 | 0.336 |
Not visible | 1 | 6 | 6 | 0.012 |
Dilated | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0.027 |
Giant Capillaries | ||||
Diffuse | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0.099 |
Neoangiogenesis | ||||
Absent | 6 | 4 | 7 | 0.029 |
Limited | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0.458 |
Moderate | 2 | 5 | 0 | 0.076 |
Microhemorrhages | ||||
Absent | 4 | 7 | 5 | 0.605 |
Rare | 3 | 2 | 2 | 0.713 |
Diffuse | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0.643 |
Edema | ||||
Absent | 4 | 4 | 4 | 0.777 |
Moderate | 3 | 5 | 1 | 0.318 |
Marked | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0.559 |
Acrosyndrome | ||||
Absent | 4 | 6 | 3 | 0.214 |
Complex | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0.506 |
Raynaud | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0.423 |
Pseudovascular Areas | ||||
Absent | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0.600 |
Limited | 5 | 8 | 4 | 0.562 |
Diffuse | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0.061 |
Avascular Areas | ||||
Focal Absence | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0.836 |
Dishomogeneity | ||||
Absent | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0.165 |
Moderate | 7 | 7 | 4 | 0.395 |
Marked | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0.223 |
Angiotectonic Disorder | ||||
Absent | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0.203 |
Moderate | 6 | 8 | 4 | 0.571 |
Marked | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0.902 |
CLASSIC (n = 7) | LATE ONSET (n = 10) | VUS (n = 8) | p Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
IMT Left CCA | 0.812 | 0.634 | 0.715 | 0.236 |
IMT Right CCA | 0.892 | 0.606 | 0.692 | 0.012 |
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Faro, D.C.; Di Pino, F.L.; Rodolico, M.S.; Costanzo, L.; Losi, V.; Di Pino, L.; Monte, I.P. Relationship between Capillaroscopic Architectural Patterns and Different Variant Subgroups in Fabry Disease: Analysis of Cases from a Multidisciplinary Center. Genes 2024, 15, 1101. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15081101
Faro DC, Di Pino FL, Rodolico MS, Costanzo L, Losi V, Di Pino L, Monte IP. Relationship between Capillaroscopic Architectural Patterns and Different Variant Subgroups in Fabry Disease: Analysis of Cases from a Multidisciplinary Center. Genes. 2024; 15(8):1101. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15081101
Chicago/Turabian StyleFaro, Denise Cristiana, Francesco Lorenzo Di Pino, Margherita Stefania Rodolico, Luca Costanzo, Valentina Losi, Luigi Di Pino, and Ines Paola Monte. 2024. "Relationship between Capillaroscopic Architectural Patterns and Different Variant Subgroups in Fabry Disease: Analysis of Cases from a Multidisciplinary Center" Genes 15, no. 8: 1101. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15081101