Improving the Near-Surface Wind Forecast around the Turpan Basin of the Northwest China by Using the WRF_TopoWind Model
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Data, Model Configuration and Methods
3. Comparisons among Different Model Configurations
3.1. Evaluation of the 10-m Wind Speed
3.2. Evaluation of the 10-m Zonal and Meridional Wind
3.3. Evaluation of the 70-m Wind Speed
4. Discussion on the Forecast Accuracy of Near-Surface Winds
4.1. Effects of Different Weather Systems
4.2. Effects of Near-Surface Features
4.3. Limitations of This Study
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Control Run | Test 01 | Test 02 | |
---|---|---|---|
Planetary boundary layer scheme | YSU [33] | YSU | YSU |
Microphysics scheme | Ferrier [35] | Ferrier | Ferrier |
Land surface model | NOAH [36] | NOAH | NOAH |
Short wave radiation scheme | RRTMG [37] | RRTMG | RRTMG |
Long wave radiation scheme | RRTMG [38] | RRTMG | RRTMG |
TopoWind model | none | topo_wind = 1 | topo_wind = 2 |
u10 | v10 | spd10 | t2 | slp | z50 | t50 | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
24 h | 48 h | 24 h | 48 h | 24 h | 48 h | 24 h | 48 h | 24 h | 48 h | 24 h | 48 h | 24 h | 48 h | ||
Test 01 | CORC | +3 | +3 | +3 | +3 | +6 | +4 | +1 | +0 | +1 | +1 | +1 | +1 | +1 | +1 |
RMSE | −4 | −5 | −4 | −6 | −4 | −6 | −4 | −4 | −4 | −2 | −3 | −2 | −2 | −2 | |
Test 02 | CORC | +8 | +8 | +7 | +8 | +9 | +9 | +3 | +1 | +2 | +4 | +2 | +2 | +3 | +2 |
RMSE | −11 | −13 | −13 | −14 | −13 | −14 | −8 | −7 | −9 | −8 | −8 | −7 | −5 | −4 |
Control Run | Test 01 | Test 02 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
24 h | 48 h | 24 h | 48 h | 24 h | 48 h | ||
u10 | CORC | 0.62 | 0.63 | 0.63 | 0.64 | 0.65 | 0.67 |
RMSE | 0.91 | 0.93 | 0.92 | 0.94 | 0.95 | 0.96 | |
v10 | CORC | 0.81 | 0.83 | 0.83 | 0.85 | 0.84 | 0.87 |
RMSE | 0.86 | 0.88 | 0.89 | 0.90 | 0.91 | 0.93 |
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Ma, H.; Ma, X.; Mei, S.; Wang, F.; Jing, Y. Improving the Near-Surface Wind Forecast around the Turpan Basin of the Northwest China by Using the WRF_TopoWind Model. Atmosphere 2021, 12, 1624. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12121624
Ma H, Ma X, Mei S, Wang F, Jing Y. Improving the Near-Surface Wind Forecast around the Turpan Basin of the Northwest China by Using the WRF_TopoWind Model. Atmosphere. 2021; 12(12):1624. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12121624
Chicago/Turabian StyleMa, Hui, Xiaolei Ma, Shengwei Mei, Fei Wang, and Yanwei Jing. 2021. "Improving the Near-Surface Wind Forecast around the Turpan Basin of the Northwest China by Using the WRF_TopoWind Model" Atmosphere 12, no. 12: 1624. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12121624