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Volume 14
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Article

On the Mechanisms of a Snowstorm Associated with a Low-Level Cold Front and Low-Level Jet in the Western Mountainous Region of the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, Northwest China

by
Xiaoning He
1,
Abuduwaili Abulikemu
1,*,
Ali Mamtimin
2,3,4,5,
Ruqi Li
6,
Aerzuna Abulimiti
1,
Dawei An
6,*,
Mangsuer Aireti
6,
Yaman Zhou
6,
Qi Sun
1,
Zhiyi Li
1,
Lin Yuan
1 and
Tao Xi
7
1
Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, College of Geography and Remote Sensing Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China
2
Institute of Desert Meteorology, CMA, Urumqi 830002, China
3
National Observation and Research Station of Desert Meteorology, Taklimakan Desert of Xinjiang, Urumqi 830002, China
4
Taklimakan Desert Meteorology Field Experiment Station of CMA, Urumqi 830002, China
5
Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Meteorology and Sandstorm, Urumqi 830002, China
6
Xinjiang Meteorological Observatory, Urumqi 830002, China
7
Liaoning Provincial Meteorological Service Center, Shenyang 110166, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Atmosphere 2023, 14(6), 919; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14060919
Submission received: 22 March 2023 / Revised: 5 May 2023 / Accepted: 15 May 2023 / Published: 24 May 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Improving the Understanding, Diagnostics, and Prediction of Precipitation (2nd Volume))
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Abstract

Snowstorms frequently hit large parts of the Northern Hemisphere, and their causative factors have been drawing increasing attention in recent years. As the first in-depth study on the mechanisms of a snowstorm associated with a low-level cold front (LLCF) and low-level westerly jet (LLWJ) in the western mountainous region of the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, based on both observations and numerical simulation, the major findings of this work are as follows: At the early stage, instabilities were mainly dominated by inertial instability (II) occurring near the core region of the LLWJ, while the lower level was mainly controlled by the baroclinic component of moist potential vorticity (MPV2), which was mainly contributed by the vertical shear of the horizontal wind, which is also located near the LLWJ. At the later stage, II was released significantly, whereas the MPV2 still supported snowfall clouds. Further analysis based on the decomposition of the frontogenetical forcing required for the release of the instabilities indicated that the slantwise term was the major contributor, whereas convergence and deformation also played significant roles at low levels above the windward slope. The slantwise term resulted from the combined effects of baroclinicity due to the LLCF and the inhomogeneity of the momentum due to the LLWJ.
Keywords: instabilities; frontogenetical function terms; moist potential vorticity; inertial instability; slantwise precipitation; regional high-resolution numerical simulation; Junggar Basin; snowstorm maintenance instabilities; frontogenetical function terms; moist potential vorticity; inertial instability; slantwise precipitation; regional high-resolution numerical simulation; Junggar Basin; snowstorm maintenance

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MDPI and ACS Style

He, X.; Abulikemu, A.; Mamtimin, A.; Li, R.; Abulimiti, A.; An, D.; Aireti, M.; Zhou, Y.; Sun, Q.; Li, Z.; et al. On the Mechanisms of a Snowstorm Associated with a Low-Level Cold Front and Low-Level Jet in the Western Mountainous Region of the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, Northwest China. Atmosphere 2023, 14, 919. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14060919

AMA Style

He X, Abulikemu A, Mamtimin A, Li R, Abulimiti A, An D, Aireti M, Zhou Y, Sun Q, Li Z, et al. On the Mechanisms of a Snowstorm Associated with a Low-Level Cold Front and Low-Level Jet in the Western Mountainous Region of the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, Northwest China. Atmosphere. 2023; 14(6):919. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14060919

Chicago/Turabian Style

He, Xiaoning, Abuduwaili Abulikemu, Ali Mamtimin, Ruqi Li, Aerzuna Abulimiti, Dawei An, Mangsuer Aireti, Yaman Zhou, Qi Sun, Zhiyi Li, and et al. 2023. "On the Mechanisms of a Snowstorm Associated with a Low-Level Cold Front and Low-Level Jet in the Western Mountainous Region of the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, Northwest China" Atmosphere 14, no. 6: 919. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14060919

APA Style

He, X., Abulikemu, A., Mamtimin, A., Li, R., Abulimiti, A., An, D., Aireti, M., Zhou, Y., Sun, Q., Li, Z., Yuan, L., & Xi, T. (2023). On the Mechanisms of a Snowstorm Associated with a Low-Level Cold Front and Low-Level Jet in the Western Mountainous Region of the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, Northwest China. Atmosphere, 14(6), 919. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14060919

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