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Atmosphere
Volume 15
Issue 2
10.3390/atmos15020205
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Article

Evaluation of Crop Water Stress Index (CWSI) for High Tunnel Greenhouse Tomatoes under Different Irrigation Levels

by
Sedat Boyaci
1,
Joanna Kocięcka
2,
Atilgan Atilgan
3,
Daniel Liberacki
2,*,
Roman Rolbiecki
4,
Burak Saltuk
3 and
Piotr Stachowski
2
1
Department of Biosystem Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir 40100, Turkey
2
Department of Land Improvement, Environmental Development and Spatial Management, Faculty of Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Piątkowska 94, 60-649 Poznań, Poland
3
Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Antalya 07450, Turkey
4
Department of Agrometeorology, Plant Irrigation and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 85-029 Bydgoszcz, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Atmosphere 2024, 15(2), 205; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15020205
Submission received: 29 December 2023 / Revised: 30 January 2024 / Accepted: 1 February 2024 / Published: 6 February 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Crop Yield Simulations Driven by Regional Climate Models)
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Abstract

An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of water stress on yield and various physiological parameters, including the crop water stress index for tomatoes in the Central Anatolian region of Turkey. For this purpose, the irrigation schedule used in this study includes 120%, 100%, 80%, and 60% (I120, I100, I80, I60) of evaporation from the gravimetrically. Water deficit was found to cause a stress effect in tomato plants, which was reflected in changes in plants’ morphological and pomological function (such as stem diameter, fruit weight, pH, titratable acidity, and total soluble solids). Irrigation levels had a significant effect on the total yield of tomatoes. The lowest water use efficiency (WUE) was obtained from the I60, while the highest WUE was found in the I100 irrigation level. The CWSI was calculated using an empirical approach from measurements of infrared canopy temperatures, ambient air temperatures, and vapor pressure deficit values for four irrigation levels. The crop water stress index (CWSI) values ranged from −0.63 to a maximum value of 0.53 in I120, from −0.27 to 0.63 in I100, from 0.06 to 0.80 in I80, and from 0.37 to 0.97 in I60. There was a significant relation between yield and CWSI. The yield was correlated with mean CWSI values, and the linear equation Total yield = −2398.9CWSI + 1240.4 can be used for yield prediction. The results revealed that the CWSI value was useful for evaluating crop water stress in tomatoes and predicting yield.
Keywords: tomatoes; water use efficiency; irrigation scheduling; deficit irrigation tomatoes; water use efficiency; irrigation scheduling; deficit irrigation

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MDPI and ACS Style

Boyaci, S.; Kocięcka, J.; Atilgan, A.; Liberacki, D.; Rolbiecki, R.; Saltuk, B.; Stachowski, P. Evaluation of Crop Water Stress Index (CWSI) for High Tunnel Greenhouse Tomatoes under Different Irrigation Levels. Atmosphere 2024, 15, 205. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15020205

AMA Style

Boyaci S, Kocięcka J, Atilgan A, Liberacki D, Rolbiecki R, Saltuk B, Stachowski P. Evaluation of Crop Water Stress Index (CWSI) for High Tunnel Greenhouse Tomatoes under Different Irrigation Levels. Atmosphere. 2024; 15(2):205. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15020205

Chicago/Turabian Style

Boyaci, Sedat, Joanna Kocięcka, Atilgan Atilgan, Daniel Liberacki, Roman Rolbiecki, Burak Saltuk, and Piotr Stachowski. 2024. "Evaluation of Crop Water Stress Index (CWSI) for High Tunnel Greenhouse Tomatoes under Different Irrigation Levels" Atmosphere 15, no. 2: 205. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15020205

APA Style

Boyaci, S., Kocięcka, J., Atilgan, A., Liberacki, D., Rolbiecki, R., Saltuk, B., & Stachowski, P. (2024). Evaluation of Crop Water Stress Index (CWSI) for High Tunnel Greenhouse Tomatoes under Different Irrigation Levels. Atmosphere, 15(2), 205. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15020205

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