Next Article in Journal
Concentration and Potential Sources of Total Gaseous Mercury in a Concentrated Non-Ferrous Metals Smelting Area in Mengzi of China
Next Article in Special Issue
Temporal and Spatial Pattern of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Gansu Province and Its Environmental Factors Detection and Analysis
Previous Article in Journal
Attribution Identification of Runoff Changes Based on the Budyko Elasticity Coefficient Method: A Case Study of the Middle and Upper Reaches of the Jinghe River in the Yellow River Basin
Previous Article in Special Issue
Greenland Wind-Wave Bivariate Dynamics by Gaidai Natural Hazard Spatiotemporal Evaluation Approach
 
 
Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
Journals
Atmosphere
Volume 16
Issue 1
10.3390/atmos16010007
atmosphere-logo
Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Propose a Special Issue
► Article Menu

Article Menu

share Share announcement Help format_quote Cite question_answer Discuss in SciProfiles
first_page
settings
Order Article Reprints
Font Type:
Arial Georgia Verdana
Font Size:
Aa Aa Aa
Line Spacing:
Column Width:
Background:
Article

Intensification of Natural Disasters in the State of Pará and the Triggering Mechanisms Across the Eastern Amazon

by
Everaldo B. de Souza
1,*,
Douglas B. S. Ferreira
2,
Luciano J. S. Anjos
1,
Alan C. Cunha
3,
João Athaydes Silva, Jr.
1,
Eliane C. Coutinho
4,
Adriano M. L. Sousa
5,
Paulo J. O. P. Souza
5,
Waleria P. Monteiro Correa
1,
Thaiane S. Silva Dias
1,
Alexandre M. C. do Carmo
1,
Carlos B. B. Gutierrez
4,
Giordani R. C. Sodré
1,
Aline M. M. Lima
1,
Edson J. P. Rocha
6,
Bergson C. Moraes
1,
Luciano P. Pezzi
7 and
Tercio Ambrizzi
8
1
Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
2
Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Belém 66055-090, PA, Brazil
3
Departamento de Engenharia Civil, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá 68900-070, AP, Brazil
4
Department of Environment Engineering, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém 66095-015, PA, Brazil
5
Instituto Sócio Ambiental e dos Recursos Hídricos, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém 66077-830, PA, Brazil
6
Centro Gestor e Operacional do Sistema de Proteção da Amazônia, Belém 66617-420, PA, Brazil
7
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, São José dos Campos 12227-010, SP, Brazil
8
Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-010, SP, Brazil
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Atmosphere 2025, 16(1), 7; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16010007
Submission received: 5 December 2024 / Revised: 22 December 2024 / Accepted: 23 December 2024 / Published: 25 December 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Climate Change and Extreme Weather Disaster Risks)
Browse Figures
Versions Notes

Abstract

Based on statistical analyses applied to official data from the Digital Atlas of Disasters in Brazil over the last 25 years, we evidenced a consistent intensification in the annual occurrence of natural disasters in the state of Pará, located in the eastern Brazilian Amazon. The quantitative comparison between the averages of the most intense period of disasters (2017 to 2023) and the earlier years (1999 to 2016) revealed a remarkable percentage increase of 473%. Approximately 81% of the state’s municipalities were affected, as indicated by disaster mapping. A clear seasonal pattern was observed, with Hydrological disasters (Inundations, Flash floods, and Heavy rainfall) peaking between February and May, while Climatological disasters (Droughts and Forest fires) were most frequent from August to October. The catastrophic impacts on people and the economy were documented, showing a significant rise in the number of homeless individuals and those directly affected, alongside considerable material damage and economic losses for both the public and private sectors. Furthermore, we conducted a comprehensive composite analysis on the tropical ocean–atmosphere dynamic structure that elucidated the various triggering mechanisms of disasters arising from Inundations, Droughts, and Forest fires (on seasonal scale), and Flash floods and Heavy rainfall (on sub-monthly scale) in Pará. The detailed characterization of disasters on a municipal scale is relevant in terms of the scientific contribution applied to the strategic decision-making, planning, and implementation of public policies aimed at early risk management (rather than post-disaster response), which is critical for safeguarding human well-being and strengthening the resilience of Amazonian communities vulnerable to climate change.
Keywords: extreme events; disaster mapping; eastern Amazon; climate dynamics; ENSO; Atlantic SST patterns extreme events; disaster mapping; eastern Amazon; climate dynamics; ENSO; Atlantic SST patterns

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

de Souza, E.B.; Ferreira, D.B.S.; Anjos, L.J.S.; Cunha, A.C.; Silva, J.A., Jr.; Coutinho, E.C.; Sousa, A.M.L.; Souza, P.J.O.P.; Correa, W.P.M.; Dias, T.S.S.; et al. Intensification of Natural Disasters in the State of Pará and the Triggering Mechanisms Across the Eastern Amazon. Atmosphere 2025, 16, 7. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16010007

AMA Style

de Souza EB, Ferreira DBS, Anjos LJS, Cunha AC, Silva JA Jr., Coutinho EC, Sousa AML, Souza PJOP, Correa WPM, Dias TSS, et al. Intensification of Natural Disasters in the State of Pará and the Triggering Mechanisms Across the Eastern Amazon. Atmosphere. 2025; 16(1):7. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16010007

Chicago/Turabian Style

de Souza, Everaldo B., Douglas B. S. Ferreira, Luciano J. S. Anjos, Alan C. Cunha, João Athaydes Silva, Jr., Eliane C. Coutinho, Adriano M. L. Sousa, Paulo J. O. P. Souza, Waleria P. Monteiro Correa, Thaiane S. Silva Dias, and et al. 2025. "Intensification of Natural Disasters in the State of Pará and the Triggering Mechanisms Across the Eastern Amazon" Atmosphere 16, no. 1: 7. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16010007

APA Style

de Souza, E. B., Ferreira, D. B. S., Anjos, L. J. S., Cunha, A. C., Silva, J. A., Jr., Coutinho, E. C., Sousa, A. M. L., Souza, P. J. O. P., Correa, W. P. M., Dias, T. S. S., do Carmo, A. M. C., Gutierrez, C. B. B., Sodré, G. R. C., Lima, A. M. M., Rocha, E. J. P., Moraes, B. C., Pezzi, L. P., & Ambrizzi, T. (2025). Intensification of Natural Disasters in the State of Pará and the Triggering Mechanisms Across the Eastern Amazon. Atmosphere, 16(1), 7. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16010007

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Metrics

Back to TopTop