Optimization of Pump Start-Up Depth in Drainage Pumping Station Based on SWMM and PSO
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methodology
2.1. Operational Optimization of Start-Up and Shutoff of Pumps
- (1)
- The effective volume of the storage tank was calculated according to the upstream and the downstream flow within the pipe network of the pumping station.
- (2)
- The bottom area of the storage tank depended on the actual land use condition.
- (3)
- The total flow of the pump depended on the design flow of the downstream pipe network.
- (4)
- The number of pumps generally ranged from two to eight.
- (5)
- The minimum design water depth of the storage tank depended on the requirements of the suction head of the pumps.
- (6)
- The maximum design water depth of the storage tank was generally equal to the top of the inlet pipe or was set to ensure that the storage tank will not overflow during the operation of the pumping station.
- (7)
- During the operation of the pump, the number of start-up/shutoff times should not exceed six times per hour.
- (1)
- The pump start-up depth was set to ensure that the water depth in the storage tank did not exceed the maximum design water depth during the operation of the pumping station.
- (2)
- The pump start-up depth was set to ensure that the start-up/shutoff times of each pump were not too numerous during the operation of the pumping station, and the phenomenon of frequent start-ups and shutoffs was avoided.
2.2. Optimization Model of the Start-Up Depths of Pumps
2.3. Solution to the Optimization Model of Start-Up Depths of Pumps
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Optimization of the Start-Up Depths of Pumps for Multistage Drainage Pumping Stations
3.2. Optimization of the Start-Up Depths of Pumps for Each Single Pumping Station
4. Results and Discussion
4.1. Verification of the Two Methods
4.2. Comparison of Number of Pump Start-Up/Shutoff Times
4.3. Comparison of Pump Operating Time
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Design Parameters | Design Parameter Values of Nine Pumping Station | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||
Storage | Effective volume (m3) | 134.4 | 315 | 553.5 | 592 | 748 | 860 | 769.5 | 874 | 986.7 |
Bottom area (m2) | 38.4 | 70 | 135 | 160 | 187 | 200 | 202.5 | 218.5 | 253 | |
Bottom elevation (m) | 42.3 | 44 | 44 | 42.6 | 41.7 | 40.5 | 39.5 | 40 | 40 | |
Bottom elevation of inlet pipe (m) | 45.1 | 47.8 | 47.4 | 45.6 | 45 | 44.1 | 42.6 | 43.3 | 43.1 | |
Diameter of inlet pipe (m) | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |
Maximum design depth (m) | 4.8 | 5.8 | 5.4 | 5 | 5.3 | 5.6 | 5.1 | 5.3 | 5.2 | |
Minimum design depth (m) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Pumps | Total flow of pumps (m3/s) | 0.4 | 0.8 | 1.4 | 1.8 | 2 | 2.4 | 2.6 | 3.2 | 3.6 |
Number of pumps | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
Properties of Drainage System | Value of Properties |
---|---|
Pipe diameters | From 0.3 m to 2.5 m |
Number of pipes | 1136 |
Total length of pipes in the drainage system | 51 km |
Elevation of the pipes | From 41.8 m to 54.2 m |
Methods | One Year | Two Years | Three Years | Five Years | Ten Years | Twenty Years | 7.21 | 7.30 | 6.24 | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | T | N | T | N | T | N | T | N | T | N | T | N | T | N | T | N | T | |
Multistage pumping station optimization | 8 | 2400 | 10 | 5030 | 16 | 5929 | 19 | 6991 | 25 | 7051 | 114 | 9286 | 64 | 7240 | 4 | 500 | 3 | 460 |
Single pumping station optimization | 8 | 4509 | 10 | 6236 | 16 | 12,694 | 20 | 14,533 | 29 | 8462 | 247 | 9383 | 160 | 7933 | 4 | 582 | 3 | 532 |
Pumping Station 1 | Pumping Station 2 | Pumping Station 3 | Pumping Station 4 | Pumping Station 5 | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pump Number | h | n | Pump Number | h | n | Pump Number | h | n | Pump Number | h | n | Pump Number | h | n |
(m) | (m) | (m) | (m) | (m) | ||||||||||
P1-1 | 2.4 | 18 | P2-1 | 3.9 | 15 | P3-1 | 3.9 | 2 | P4-1 | 2.6 | 7 | P5-1 | 4.8 | 2 |
P1-2 | 2.8 | 5 | P2-2 | 4 | 5 | P3-2 | 4.1 | 1 | P4-2 | 3.2 | 2 | P5-2 | 4.9 | 1 |
P1-3 | 3.3 | 1 | P2-3 | 4.3 | 1 | P3-3 | 5 | 0 | P4-3 | 2.9 | 2 | P5-3 | 5.1 | 0 |
P1-4 | 3 | 4 | P2-4 | 4.5 | 1 | P3-4 | 4.4 | 1 | P4-4 | 4.5 | 0 | P5-4 | 5 | 1 |
Pumping Station 6 | Pumping Station 7 | Pumping Station 8 | Pumping Station 9 | |||||||||||
Pump Number | h | n | Pump Number | h | n | Pump Number | h | n | Pump Number | h | n | |||
(m) | (m) | (m) | (m) | |||||||||||
P6-1 | 4.8 | 2 | P7-1 | 3.5 | 5 | P8-1 | 4.9 | 1 | P9-1 | 5 | 0 | |||
P6-2 | 4.7 | 2 | P7-2 | 3.7 | 1 | P8-2 | 3.9 | 1 | P9-2 | 4.8 | 1 | |||
P6-3 | 2.8 | 10 | P7-3 | 4.6 | 0 | P8-3 | 5 | 0 | P9-3 | 3.5 | 2 | |||
P6-4 | 5.3 | 1 | P7-4 | 3.6 | 1 | P8-4 | 3.3 | 7 | P9-4 | 2.4 | 11 |
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Wang, H.; Lei, X.; Khu, S.-T.; Song, L. Optimization of Pump Start-Up Depth in Drainage Pumping Station Based on SWMM and PSO. Water 2019, 11, 1002. https://doi.org/10.3390/w11051002
Wang H, Lei X, Khu S-T, Song L. Optimization of Pump Start-Up Depth in Drainage Pumping Station Based on SWMM and PSO. Water. 2019; 11(5):1002. https://doi.org/10.3390/w11051002
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Hao, Xiaohui Lei, Soon-Thiam Khu, and Lixiang Song. 2019. "Optimization of Pump Start-Up Depth in Drainage Pumping Station Based on SWMM and PSO" Water 11, no. 5: 1002. https://doi.org/10.3390/w11051002