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Volume 11
Issue 6
10.3390/w11061291
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Article

Evaluating the Hydrologic Benefits of a Bioswale in Brunswick County, North Carolina (NC), USA

by
Rebecca A. Purvis
1,*,
Ryan J. Winston
2,
William F. Hunt
3,
Brian Lipscomb
4,
Karthik Narayanaswamy
5,
Andrew McDaniel
4,
Matthew S. Lauffer
4 and
Susan Libes
6
1
Atkins Engineering SNC-Lavalin, Raleigh, NC 27609, USA
2
Department of Food, Agricultural, and Biological Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
3
Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
4
North Carolina Department of Transportation, Raleigh, NC 27610, USA
5
AECOM, Morrisville, NC 27560, USA
6
Department of Coastal and Marine Systems Science, Coastal Carolina University, Conway, SC 29528, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Water 2019, 11(6), 1291; https://doi.org/10.3390/w11061291
Submission received: 6 May 2019 / Revised: 9 June 2019 / Accepted: 17 June 2019 / Published: 20 June 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Performance of Vegetated Biofilters for Road and Parking Lot Runoff Management)
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Abstract

Bioswales are a promising stormwater control measure (SCM) for roadway runoff management, but few studies have assessed performance on a field scale. A bioswale is a vegetated channel with underlying engineered media and a perforated underdrain to promote improved hydrologic and water quality treatment. A bioswale with a rip-rap lined forebay was constructed along state highway NC 211 in Bolivia, North Carolina, USA, and monitored for 12 months. Thirty-seven of the 39 monitored rain events exfiltrated into underlying soils, resulting in no appreciable overflow or underdrain volume. The bioswale completely exfiltrated a storm event of 86.1 mm. The one event to have underdrain-only flow was 4.8 mm. The largest and third-largest rainfall depth events (82.6 and 146 mm, respectively) had a large percentage (85%) of volume exfiltrated, but also had appreciable overflow and underdrain volumes exiting the bioswale, resulting in no peak flow mitigation. Overall, this bioswale design was able to capture and manage storms larger than the design storm (38 mm), showing the positive hydrologic performance that can be achieved by this bioswale. The high treatment capabilities were likely due to the high infiltration rate of the media and the underlying soil, longer forebay underlain with media, gravel detention layer with an underdrain, and shallow slope.
Keywords: bioretention; bioswale; hydrology; runoff; stormwater bioretention; bioswale; hydrology; runoff; stormwater

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MDPI and ACS Style

Purvis, R.A.; Winston, R.J.; Hunt, W.F.; Lipscomb, B.; Narayanaswamy, K.; McDaniel, A.; Lauffer, M.S.; Libes, S. Evaluating the Hydrologic Benefits of a Bioswale in Brunswick County, North Carolina (NC), USA. Water 2019, 11, 1291. https://doi.org/10.3390/w11061291

AMA Style

Purvis RA, Winston RJ, Hunt WF, Lipscomb B, Narayanaswamy K, McDaniel A, Lauffer MS, Libes S. Evaluating the Hydrologic Benefits of a Bioswale in Brunswick County, North Carolina (NC), USA. Water. 2019; 11(6):1291. https://doi.org/10.3390/w11061291

Chicago/Turabian Style

Purvis, Rebecca A., Ryan J. Winston, William F. Hunt, Brian Lipscomb, Karthik Narayanaswamy, Andrew McDaniel, Matthew S. Lauffer, and Susan Libes. 2019. "Evaluating the Hydrologic Benefits of a Bioswale in Brunswick County, North Carolina (NC), USA" Water 11, no. 6: 1291. https://doi.org/10.3390/w11061291

APA Style

Purvis, R. A., Winston, R. J., Hunt, W. F., Lipscomb, B., Narayanaswamy, K., McDaniel, A., Lauffer, M. S., & Libes, S. (2019). Evaluating the Hydrologic Benefits of a Bioswale in Brunswick County, North Carolina (NC), USA. Water, 11(6), 1291. https://doi.org/10.3390/w11061291

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