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Article

The Quality of Stored Rainwater for Washing Purposes

by
Joanna Struk-Sokołowska
1,*,
Joanna Gwoździej-Mazur
2,
Piotr Jadwiszczak
3,
Andrzej Butarewicz
4,
Piotr Ofman
1,
Marcin Wdowikowski
5 and
Bartosz Kaźmierczak
6
1
Department of Environmental Engineering Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, Bialystok University of Technology, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland
2
Department of Water Supply and Sewerage Systems, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, Bialystok University of Technology, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland
3
Department of Air Conditioning, Heating, Gas Engineering and Air Protection, Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
4
Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, Bialystok University of Technology, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland
5
Institute of Meteorology and Water Management-National Research Institute, 01-673 Warsaw, Poland
6
Department of Water Supply and Sewerage Systems, Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Water 2020, 12(1), 252; https://doi.org/10.3390/w12010252
Submission received: 18 November 2019 / Revised: 13 January 2020 / Accepted: 14 January 2020 / Published: 16 January 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovations–Sustainability–Modernity–Openness in Water Research)
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Abstract

The use of rainwater for washing clothes is determined by its amount, composition and quality of washing. Raw rainwater is soft and free of pollution. The collected rainwater already contains pollution present in the atmosphere and washed away from roofs and other surfaces. It can also change its quality when stored in tanks. Washing clothes does not require drinking quality water but just clean, safe water that guarantees effective removal of dirt from fabrics. The study determined the physicochemical and microbiological changes of rainwater characteristics during retention. Rainwater was collected in a standard underground tank for 30 days and water analyses were conducted every 10 days. The possibility of tap water replacement in the household with collected rainwater for ecological clothes washing has been assessed.
Keywords: stored rainwater; RWH system; washing; retention; physicochemical and microbiological changes; Varimax stored rainwater; RWH system; washing; retention; physicochemical and microbiological changes; Varimax
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MDPI and ACS Style

Struk-Sokołowska, J.; Gwoździej-Mazur, J.; Jadwiszczak, P.; Butarewicz, A.; Ofman, P.; Wdowikowski, M.; Kaźmierczak, B. The Quality of Stored Rainwater for Washing Purposes. Water 2020, 12, 252. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12010252

AMA Style

Struk-Sokołowska J, Gwoździej-Mazur J, Jadwiszczak P, Butarewicz A, Ofman P, Wdowikowski M, Kaźmierczak B. The Quality of Stored Rainwater for Washing Purposes. Water. 2020; 12(1):252. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12010252

Chicago/Turabian Style

Struk-Sokołowska, Joanna, Joanna Gwoździej-Mazur, Piotr Jadwiszczak, Andrzej Butarewicz, Piotr Ofman, Marcin Wdowikowski, and Bartosz Kaźmierczak. 2020. "The Quality of Stored Rainwater for Washing Purposes" Water 12, no. 1: 252. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12010252

APA Style

Struk-Sokołowska, J., Gwoździej-Mazur, J., Jadwiszczak, P., Butarewicz, A., Ofman, P., Wdowikowski, M., & Kaźmierczak, B. (2020). The Quality of Stored Rainwater for Washing Purposes. Water, 12(1), 252. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12010252

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