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Article

Pleistocene Branchiopods (Cladocera, Anostraca) from Transbaikalian Siberia Demonstrate Morphological and Ecological Stasis

by
Anton A. Zharov
1,
Anna N. Neretina
1,
D. Christopher Rogers
2,
Svetlana A. Reshetova
3,4,
Sofia M. Sinitsa
4 and
Alexey A. Kotov
1,*
1
A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Leninsky Prt. 33, Moscow 119071, Russia
2
Kansas Biological Survey, and The Biodiversity Institute, The University of Kansas, Higuchi Hall, 2101 Constant Avenue, Lawrence, KS 66047-3759, USA
3
Vinogradov Institute of Geochemistry Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, Favorskogo Str. 1A, Irkutsk 664033, Russia
4
Institute of Natural Resources, Ecology and Cryology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nedorezov Str. 16A, Chita 672014, Russia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Water 2020, 12(11), 3063; https://doi.org/10.3390/w12113063
Submission received: 29 September 2020 / Revised: 28 October 2020 / Accepted: 28 October 2020 / Published: 1 November 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Species Richness and Diversity of Aquatic Ecosystems)
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Abstract

Pleistocene water bodies have been studied using the paleolimnological approach, which traces environmental changes using particular subfossils as ecological proxies, rather than analysis of the paleocommunities themselves. Within a given taphocoenosis, the presence and quantity of animals are related to environmental conditions rather than to community types where relationships between taxa are stabilized during their long-term co-occurrence and are (at least partially) more important than the particular environmental conditions at the time of deposition, which may have experienced significant seasonal and inter-seasonal variations. Here, we analyze Branchiopoda (Crustacea) of two paleolocalities in the Transbaikalian Region of Russia: Urtuy (MIS3) and Nozhiy (older than 1.5 million years). Cladocerans Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) magna, D. (C.) similis, D. (Daphnia) pulex, Ceriodaphnia pulchella-reticulata, C. laticaudata, Simocephalus sp., Moina cf. brachiata, M. macropopa clade, Chydorus cf. sphaericus, Capmtocercus sp. and anostracans Branchinecta cf. paludosa, and Streptocephalus (Streptocephalus) sp. are found in two localities. With the exception of the last taxon, which now occurs in the southern Holarctic, all other taxa inhabit the Transbaikalian Region. Within Eurasia, the steppe zone has the greatest diversity of large branchiopods and a high diversity of some cladocerans, such as subgenus Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) and Moina sp. Here we demonstrated that the branchiopod community in shallow steppe water bodies has been unchanged since at least the Pleistocene, demonstrating long-term morphological and ecological stasis.
Keywords: Crustacea; Branchiopoda; Eurasia; communities; Pleistocene; paleoecology Crustacea; Branchiopoda; Eurasia; communities; Pleistocene; paleoecology

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MDPI and ACS Style

Zharov, A.A.; Neretina, A.N.; Rogers, D.C.; Reshetova, S.A.; Sinitsa, S.M.; Kotov, A.A. Pleistocene Branchiopods (Cladocera, Anostraca) from Transbaikalian Siberia Demonstrate Morphological and Ecological Stasis. Water 2020, 12, 3063. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12113063

AMA Style

Zharov AA, Neretina AN, Rogers DC, Reshetova SA, Sinitsa SM, Kotov AA. Pleistocene Branchiopods (Cladocera, Anostraca) from Transbaikalian Siberia Demonstrate Morphological and Ecological Stasis. Water. 2020; 12(11):3063. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12113063

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zharov, Anton A., Anna N. Neretina, D. Christopher Rogers, Svetlana A. Reshetova, Sofia M. Sinitsa, and Alexey A. Kotov. 2020. "Pleistocene Branchiopods (Cladocera, Anostraca) from Transbaikalian Siberia Demonstrate Morphological and Ecological Stasis" Water 12, no. 11: 3063. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12113063

APA Style

Zharov, A. A., Neretina, A. N., Rogers, D. C., Reshetova, S. A., Sinitsa, S. M., & Kotov, A. A. (2020). Pleistocene Branchiopods (Cladocera, Anostraca) from Transbaikalian Siberia Demonstrate Morphological and Ecological Stasis. Water, 12(11), 3063. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12113063

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