Soil Salinity Patterns in an Olive Grove Irrigated with Reclaimed Table Olive Processing Wastewater
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Site Description
2.2. Field Measurements
2.3. ECa Measurement and Inversion
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Spatial Distribution of ECa in 2013 and 2017
3.2. Spatial Distribution of ΔECa
3.3. Soil Data and Relationship with the ECa
3.4. Inversion
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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DOE | Year | n | m | s | CV | Skew. | Kurt. | Weibull | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
m | mS m−1 | k | λ | R2 | ||||||
0–0.5 | 2013 | 31,677 | 59.8 | 36.5 | 0.61 | 1.43 | 6.11 | 67.2 | 2.33 | 0.984 |
2017 | 81,806 | 58.8 | 35.0 | 0.60 | 1.98 | 8.49 | 65.4 | 2.31 | 0.940 | |
0–1.0 | 2013 | 31,306 | 84.2 | 45.0 | 0.53 | 1.55 | 6.61 | 93.0 | 2.70 | 0.968 |
2017 | 78,921 | 88.3 | 44.0 | 0.50 | 1.61 | 6.94 | 100.0 | 2.60 | 0.955 | |
0–1.5 | 2013 | 31,677 | 90.7 | 45.8 | 0.51 | 1.48 | 6.15 | 98.1 | 2.78 | 0.963 |
2017 | 81,806 | 97.3 | 45.2 | 0.46 | 1.47 | 6.22 | 108.8 | 2.76 | 0.953 | |
0–3.0 | 2013 | 31,306 | 106.1 | 46.8 | 0.44 | 1.50 | 5.62 | 112.7 | 3.26 | 0.900 |
2017 | 78,921 | 114.2 | 42.5 | 0.37 | 1.24 | 5.39 | 127.1 | 3.38 | 0.941 |
P (Z < z) | 0–0.5 m | 0–1.0 m | 0–1.5 m | 0–3.0 m |
---|---|---|---|---|
z = 50 mS m−1 | 0.971 | 0.962 | 0.966 | 0.985 |
z = 25 mS m−1 | 0.911 | 0.866 | 0.854 | 0.847 |
z = 0 mS m−1 | 0.587 | 0.409 | 0.315 | 0.141 |
z = -25 mS m−1 | 0.085 | 0.024 | 0.013 | 0.007 |
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Vanderlinden, K.; Martínez, G.; Ramos, M.; Laguna, A.; Vanwalleghem, T.; Peña, A.; Carbonell, R.; Ordóñez, R.; Giráldez, J.V. Soil Salinity Patterns in an Olive Grove Irrigated with Reclaimed Table Olive Processing Wastewater. Water 2022, 14, 3049. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14193049
Vanderlinden K, Martínez G, Ramos M, Laguna A, Vanwalleghem T, Peña A, Carbonell R, Ordóñez R, Giráldez JV. Soil Salinity Patterns in an Olive Grove Irrigated with Reclaimed Table Olive Processing Wastewater. Water. 2022; 14(19):3049. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14193049
Chicago/Turabian StyleVanderlinden, Karl, Gonzalo Martínez, Mario Ramos, Ana Laguna, Tom Vanwalleghem, Adolfo Peña, Rosa Carbonell, Rafaela Ordóñez, and Juan Vicente Giráldez. 2022. "Soil Salinity Patterns in an Olive Grove Irrigated with Reclaimed Table Olive Processing Wastewater" Water 14, no. 19: 3049. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14193049