Temporal–Spatial Variability of Dissolved Carbon in the Tributary Streams of the Lower Yangtze River Basin
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Site Description
2.2. Field Investigation and Sampling
2.3. The Analyses of Variables
2.4. Calculation and Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Physical-Chemical Characteristics
3.2. Dissolved Organic and Inorganic Carbon Concentrations
3.3. Greenhouse Gases Concentrations
4. Discussion
4.1. Seasonal and Spatial Variability in Dissolved Carbon
4.2. Effects of Anthropogenic Activity on Dissolved Carbon
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Stream | Sampling Habitat | pH | Temperature | TOC | TN | NO3−-N | NH4+-N | Ca2+ | SO42− | Cl− |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(°C) | (mg L−1) | (mg L−1) | (mg L−1) | (mg L−1) | (mg L−1) | (mg L−1) | (mg L−1) | |||
Desheng | Normal area | 7.7 (0.3) A | 10.9 (0.2) A | 14.7 (0.6) A | 1.65 (0.10) B | 1.50 (0.08) B | 0.47 (0.01) A | 19.0 (2.7) A | 28.8 (16.4) C | 23.4 (7.7) C |
Sewage outlet | 7.8 (0.3) A | 10.8 (0.2) A | 15.1 (3.5) A | 2.55 (0.31) A | 2.20 (0.12) A | 0.33 (0.01) B | 19.2 (1.8) A | 59.6 (15.7) A | 60.3 (24.7) A | |
Surrounding pond | 7.9 (0.2) A | 10.4 (0.4) A | 4.9 (0.3) B | 0.61 (0.15) C | 0.20 (0.13) C | 0.25 (0.09) B | 26.4 (8.3) A | 50.3 (46.2) AB | 49.6 (9.5) B | |
Shuangqiao | Normal area | 8.2 (0.2) a | 10.4 (0.1) a | 34.9 (7.6) a | 0.55 (0.09) a | 0.21 (0.06) a | 0.17 (0.01) ab | 27.4 (2.3) a | 66.8 (26.2) ab | 67.6 (18.7) a |
-Shiba | Sewage outlet | 7.9 (0.4) a | 10.9 (0.4) a | 36.0 (5.6) a | 0.60 (0.07) a | 0.20 (0.04) a | 0.22 (0.01) a | 25.5 (0.9) a | 75.7 (12.7) a | 71.1 (10.0) a |
Surrounding pond | 7.8 (0.2) a | 10.4 (0.3) a | 4.4 (1.5) b | 0.54 (0.06) a | 0.14 (0.10) a | 0.13 (0.05) b | 18.7 (3.6) b | 15.9 (2.1) c | 20.8 (8.9) b |
Stream | Sampling Date | Number of | pH | Water | DOC | DIC | DN | CH4 | CO2 | N2O |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
sampling sites (n) | temperature (°C) | (mg L−1) | (mg L−1) | (mg L−1) | (μL L−1) | (μL L−1) | (μL L−1) | |||
Desheng | October, 2018 | 13 | 8.2 (0.4) AB | 20.2 (1.2) B | 6.9 (1.8) A | 14.8 (2.6) B | 3.1 (1.5) A | |||
March, 2019 | 13 | 8.5 (0.6) A | 16.1 (0.6) C | 4.7 (1.6) B | 9.9 (1.6) C | 2.7 (1.2) A | 37.6 (73.9) A | 787.4 (205.7) A | 0.35 (0.08) B | |
August, 2019 | 13 | 7.6 (0.6) CD | 31.5 (1.4) A | 5.1 (2.2) B | 18.0 (4.3) A | 1.1 (0.7) B | ||||
October, 2019 | 13 | 8.0 (0.6) BC | 20.7 (1.0) B | 5.2 (2.0) B | 10.0 (3.1) C | 2.7 (3.4) A | 36.7 (96.5) A | 1109.6 (987.6) A | 0.70 (0.50) A | |
January, 2020 | 13 | 7.5 (0.2) D | 6.9 (1.5) D | 4.9 (0.9) B | 17.1 (2.2) A | 3.0 (1.4) A | ||||
Shuangqiao | March, 2019 | 9 | 8.0 (0.5) a | 16.3 (0.7) b | 6.6 (2.0) a | 11.3 (2.3) a | 1.5 (1.2) a | |||
-Shiba | October, 2019 | 9 | 7.8 (0.4) a | 20.0 (0.7) a | 6.9 (1.7) a | 7.8 (1.5) b | 0.5 (0.2) b | 10.8 (7.3) | 812.6 (234.8) | 0.34 (0.02) |
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Cui, J.-F.; Han, S.-J.; Zhang, X.-M.; Han, X.-G.; Wang, Z.-P. Temporal–Spatial Variability of Dissolved Carbon in the Tributary Streams of the Lower Yangtze River Basin. Water 2022, 14, 4057. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14244057
Cui J-F, Han S-J, Zhang X-M, Han X-G, Wang Z-P. Temporal–Spatial Variability of Dissolved Carbon in the Tributary Streams of the Lower Yangtze River Basin. Water. 2022; 14(24):4057. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14244057
Chicago/Turabian StyleCui, Ji-Fa, Shi-Jie Han, Xi-Mei Zhang, Xing-Guo Han, and Zhi-Ping Wang. 2022. "Temporal–Spatial Variability of Dissolved Carbon in the Tributary Streams of the Lower Yangtze River Basin" Water 14, no. 24: 4057. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14244057