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Article

Flood Propagation Characteristics in a Plain Lake: The Role of Multiple River Interactions

1
Jiangxi Academy of Water Science and Engineering, Nanchang 330001, China
2
Jiangxi Provincial Technology Innovation Center for Ecological Water Engineering in Poyang Lake Basin, Nanchang 330029, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Water 2024, 16(10), 1447; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16101447
Submission received: 9 April 2024 / Revised: 10 May 2024 / Accepted: 17 May 2024 / Published: 19 May 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Flood Risk Identification and Management)

Abstract

Plain lakes play a crucial role in the hydrological cycle of a watershed, but their interactions with adjacent rivers and downstream water bodies can create complex river–lake relationships, often leading to frequent flooding disasters. Taking Poyang Lake as an example, this paper delves into its interaction with the Yangtze River, revealing the spatiotemporal patterns of flood propagation within the lake and its impact on surrounding flood control measures. The aim is to provide insights for flood management in similar environments worldwide. This study employs a comprehensive approach combining hydrological statistical analysis and two-dimensional hydrodynamic modeling, based on extensive hydrological, topographic, and socio-economic data. The results indicate that the annual maximum outflow from Poyang Lake is primarily controlled by floods within the watershed, while the highest annual lake water level is predominantly influenced by floods from the Yangtze River. The peak discharge typically reaches the lake outlet within 48 h, with the peak water level taking slightly longer at 54 h. However, water storage in the lake can shorten the time that it takes for the peak discharge to arrive. When converging with floods from the Yangtze River, the peak water level may be delayed by up to 10 days, due to the top-supporting interaction. Furthermore, floods from the “Five Rivers” propagate differently within the lake, affecting various lake regions to differing degrees. Notably, floods from the Fu River cause the most significant rise in the lake’s water level under the same flow rate. The top-supporting effect from the Yangtze River also significantly impacts the water surface slope of Poyang Lake. When the Yangtze River flood discharge significantly exceeds that of the “Five Rivers” (i.e., when the top-supporting intensity value, f, exceeds four), the lake surface becomes as flat as a reservoir. During major floods in the watershed, the water level difference in the lake can increase dramatically, potentially creating a “dynamic storage capacity” of up to 840 million cubic meters.
Keywords: plain lake; river–lake interactions; flood propagation; dynamic storage capacity; Poyang Lake plain lake; river–lake interactions; flood propagation; dynamic storage capacity; Poyang Lake

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Wu, Q.; Wang, Z.; Xu, X.; Huang, Z.; Wen, T.; You, W.; Xia, Y. Flood Propagation Characteristics in a Plain Lake: The Role of Multiple River Interactions. Water 2024, 16, 1447. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16101447

AMA Style

Wu Q, Wang Z, Xu X, Huang Z, Wen T, You W, Xia Y. Flood Propagation Characteristics in a Plain Lake: The Role of Multiple River Interactions. Water. 2024; 16(10):1447. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16101447

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wu, Qiuqin, Zhichao Wang, Xinfa Xu, Zhiwen Huang, Tianfu Wen, Wensun You, and Yang Xia. 2024. "Flood Propagation Characteristics in a Plain Lake: The Role of Multiple River Interactions" Water 16, no. 10: 1447. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16101447

APA Style

Wu, Q., Wang, Z., Xu, X., Huang, Z., Wen, T., You, W., & Xia, Y. (2024). Flood Propagation Characteristics in a Plain Lake: The Role of Multiple River Interactions. Water, 16(10), 1447. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16101447

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