Theory and Technology for the Prevention of Mine Water Disasters
1. Introduction
2. An Overview of Published Articles
3. Conclusions
- (1)
- Uniaxial compressive tests on rock samples with circular holes demonstrate that, as the immersion depth increases, the uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus of sandstone notably decline, while the peak strain gradually rises. With a greater immersion depth, both the rapid decrease in uniaxial compressive strength and the increase in peak strain are more pronounced. When pressure is applied to rock samples at different immersion depths, water seepage leads to deviations in strain monitoring and the crack propagation and tensile failure points vary with the immersion depth.
- (2)
- A numerical model is established to simulate the occurrence, development, and propagation range of debris flows under different working conditions. An appropriate DEM data resolution can reasonably assess debris flow risk, and a lower critical slope threshold results in more loose material flow, leading to wider and further landslide dispersion, which can simulate landslide movement under various conditions.
- (3)
- Functional expressions for energy in various parts are derived based on principles like mass conservation. Different types of explosives and the physical conditions of water lead to different fragment sizes and distributions after an explosion, which provides important references for research on the matching of explosives with rocks in hydraulic engineering.
- (4)
- Layers within the mining impact area exhibit a directional deflection in the stress chain, forming strong chain arches. Tensile stress concentration regions initially develop tensile cracks, and water-conducting fractures form through a specific process, reaching an approximate height of 108 m. The predictive model for extremely thin coal seams effectively forecasts the height of water-conducting fracture zones, while methods like BP neural networks can enhance predictive accuracy.
- (5)
- High-salinity mine water can be treated using reverse osmosis combined processing techniques. The hydrogeochemical characteristics of Ordovician limestone groundwater are closely related to the flow direction, with three distinct hydrogeochemical regions being formed based on different flow mechanisms. Moreover, research on groundwater in mining areas indicates that a geophysical–drilling–hydrochemical coupled approach can accurately detect concealed water-conducting structures and that combining multiple methods can overcome the limitations of individual approaches, thus enhancing detection methods.
- (6)
- Establishing a monitoring system based on DAS can capture typical event characteristics. The principal component analysis indicates significant correlations among feature parameters, showing higher classification accuracy after PCA processing, while artificial neural network models are excellent in handling complex models for classifying intrusion events.
- (7)
- The risk assessment method based on extension theory, game theory, and DS evidence theory is proposed. An evaluation index system and risk assessment levels are established, optimizing the weighting result combinations to determine risk control factors and key prevention indicators. The assessment results are in good agreement with actual conditions and are scientifically reasonable, making them valuable for promotion and application.
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
List of Contributions
- Lu, T.; Liu, H.; Jia, H.; Wang, B. A Geophysical-Drilling-Hydrochemical Coupled Method for Accurate Detection of Concealed Water-Conducting Faults in Coal Mines. Water 2024, 16, 2619. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16182619
- Liu, G.; Wang, S.;Wang, D.; Yang, Z.; Zan, Y. Characteristics of deformation and damage and acoustic properties of sandstone in circular tunnel morphology under varying inundation depths. Water 2024, 16, 2938. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16202938
- Xu, X.; Wang, X.; Sun, G. Coal-Mine Water-Hazard Risk Evaluation Based on the Combination of Extension Theory, Game Theory, and Dempster-Shafer Evidence Theory. Acoustics 2024, 4, 2881. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16202881.
- Zhu, Z.; Zhou, Z. Experimental Study for the Matching of Explosives and Rocks Based on Rock Hydrophysical Properties. Water 2024, 16, 1807. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16131807
- Wei, D.; Gu, H.; Wang, C.; Wang, H.; Zhu, H.; Guo, Y. Extension Mechanism of Water-Conducting Cracks in the Thick and Hard Overlying Strata of Coal Mining Face. Water 2024, 16, 1883. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16131883
- Wang, S.; Wang, T.; Yang, Z.; Tang, H.; Lv, H.; Xu, F.; Zhu, K.; Liu, Z. Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Formation Processes of Ordovician Limestone Groundwater in Zhuozishan Coalfield, Northwest China. Water 2024, 16, 2398. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16172398
- Yuan, P.; Zhang, W.; Shang, X.; Pu, Y. Intrusion event classification of drainage tunnel based on principal component analysis and neural network. Water 2024, 16, 2409. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16172409
- Wan, B.; Bai, G.; An, N. Monitoring and Evaluation of Debris Flow Disaster in the Loess Plateau area of China: A Case Study. Water 2024, 16, 2539. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16172539
- Wang, H.; Tian, J.; Li, L.; Chen, D.; Yuan, Y.; Li, B. Research on the development height prediction model of water conduction fracture zone under the condition of extremely thin coal seam mining. Water 2024, 16, 2273. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16162273
- Yang, J.; Zhao, W.; Liang, X.; Xu, F. The Hydrochemical Characteristics and Formation Mechanism of Highly Mineralized Coal Mine Water in Semi-Arid Regions in Northwest China. Water 2024, 16, 2244. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16162244
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Gu, H.; Shang, X.; Zhao, H. Theory and Technology for the Prevention of Mine Water Disasters. Water 2024, 16, 2952. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16202952
Gu H, Shang X, Zhao H. Theory and Technology for the Prevention of Mine Water Disasters. Water. 2024; 16(20):2952. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16202952
Chicago/Turabian StyleGu, Helong, Xueyi Shang, and Huatao Zhao. 2024. "Theory and Technology for the Prevention of Mine Water Disasters" Water 16, no. 20: 2952. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16202952