Towards Design Principles for Good Multi-Level Drought Risk Governance: Some Lessons from the Rhine Basin
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. A Framework for Assessing Good Multi-Level Drought Risk Governance
3. Materials and Methods
4. Results
4.1. Hydrological and Administrative Boundaries Correspond
4.2. Separation and Explicit Allocation of Roles and Responsibilities in Decision Making and Implementation between Stakeholders Both Vertically and Horizontally
4.3. Knowledge Generation and Sharing between Different Stakeholders Involved in Drought Policy Making and Implementation
4.4. Sufficient Technical Knowledge, Staff, Time, Expertise, and Infrastructure
4.5. Sufficient Revenues to Effectively Implement Drought Policies
4.6. Public Participation and Involvement of Water Users’ Associations in Drought Policy Making as well as the Monitoring, Reporting, Sharing, and Distribution of Drought Policy Performance
5. Discussion
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Prevention | Mitigation and Adaptation | Recovery |
---|---|---|
Reducing freshwater demands through water-saving technologies and campaigns | Establishing a prioritization scheme for water-reliant functions | Acceptance and recovery from damage through compensation and insurance systems |
Increasing water availability through buffering | Increasing societal preparedness by raising awareness using water-saving campaigns | |
Increasing water availability through investment in alternative water resources | Increasing drought preparedness by establishing an indicator framework to enhance water scarcity predictions | |
Land use change studies incorporating drought-prone areas and diversification of drought-resilient crops |
Level | Title | Year of Publication | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
IRBDR | Internationally Coordinated Management Plan 2022–2027 for the International River Basin District of the Rhine | 2022 | [6] |
IRBDR | RIBASIM River basin simulation model of the Rhine—Volume 1 Main Report | 2021 | [22] |
IRBDR | ‘Act now!’ on low water and effects on Rhine navigation, reflection paper | 2021 | [23] |
IRBDR | Rhine 2040 program | 2020 | [24] |
IRBDR | Communiqué of the sixteenth Rhine minister conference | 2020 | [25] |
IRBDR | Report on July–November 2018 low-water event (report no. 263) | 2020 | [26] |
IRBDR | Position of NGOs with observer status at ICPR on flood/low water/climate change issues | 2020 | [27] |
IRBDR | ICPR low water monitoring along the Rhine and in the Rhine basin | 2019 | [28] |
IRBDR | Inventory of low-water conditions in the Rhine (report no. 248) | 2018 | [29] |
IRBDR | Low flows in the Rhine catchment, theme of the international–scientific symposium ‘science meets practice’ | 2017 | [30] |
IRBDR | Strategy for the IRBD Rhine for adapting to climate change (report no. 219) | 2015 | [31] |
NL | National Water program 2022–2027 | 2022 | [32] |
NL | Knowledge development Netherlands’ rivers, Inventory of ongoing research | 2022 | [33] |
NL | Deltaplan Freshwater 2022–2027 | 2021 | [34] |
NL | Strategy climate resilient fresh water supply main water system | 2020 | [35] |
NL | Manual prioritization chain | 2020 | [36] |
NL | Final report policy table drought | 2019 | [37] |
GER | National Water strategy | 2023 | [38] |
GER | Dealing with conflicting goals when adapting water management to climate change | 2022 | [39] |
GER | Low water levels, drought and groundwater recharge—taking stock of the current situation in Germany, the climate projections and the existing measures and strategies | 2021 | [40] |
GER | Second progress report on the German adaptation strategy to climate change | 2020 | [41] |
GER | 8-point plan against low water in the Rhine | 2019 | [42] |
GER | Report on risk analysis in civil protection 2018 | 2019 | [43] |
GER | Effects of climate change on the water management inventory, options for action and strategic fields of action | 2017 | [44] |
SWIT | Water bodies in Switzerland, status and measures | 2022 | [45] |
SWIT | Drought: Federal Council wants a national system for early detection and warning | 2022 | [46] |
SWIT | Water supply security and water management, basic report | 2021 | [47] |
SWIT | Adaptation to climate change in Switzerland, action plan 2020–2025 | 2020 | [48] |
SWIT | Dealing with local water shortages in Switzerland | 2012 | [49] |
# | Affiliation | Level |
---|---|---|
1 | International Commission for the Protection of the Rhine (ICPR) Secretariat | IRBDR |
2 | ICPR Working Group ‘Flood and low water’ | IRBDR & NL |
3 | International Association of Waterworks in the Rhine Basin (IAWR) | IRBDR |
4 | International Commission for the Hydrology of the Rhine (CHR) | IRBDR |
5 | Central Commission for the Navigation of the Rhine (CCNR) | IRBDR |
6 | ICPR Expert Group ‘Low water’ | IRBDR & NL |
7 | Deltares, Advisor on Water Supply | NL |
8 | Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management, Public Works Department, Program Manager Ecology Large Waters | NL |
9 | Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management, Public Works Department Strategy for a Climate-proof Freshwater Supply Main Water System | NL |
10 | Staff of the Delta Commissioner | NL |
11 | Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management, Public Works Department National coordination Committee on Water Allocation | NL |
12 | Royal Haskoning DHV, Water Supply Management | NL |
13 | Ministry for Climate Protection, Environment, Energy and Mobility, Water Management Department, Rhineland Palatine | GER |
14 | Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature conservation and Nuclear Safety, German Environment Agency, Department of Water and Soil | GER |
15 | ICPR Expert Group on ‘Low Water’ and Federal institute for Hydrology | GER & IRBDR |
16 | Federal Department of the Environment, Transport, Energy and Communications, Hydrology department | SWIT |
17 | Canton of Thurgau, Office for the Environment, Department of Water Quality and Use | SWIT |
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Jalink, H.; Dieperink, C. Towards Design Principles for Good Multi-Level Drought Risk Governance: Some Lessons from the Rhine Basin. Water 2024, 16, 879. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16060879
Jalink H, Dieperink C. Towards Design Principles for Good Multi-Level Drought Risk Governance: Some Lessons from the Rhine Basin. Water. 2024; 16(6):879. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16060879
Chicago/Turabian StyleJalink, Heleen, and Carel Dieperink. 2024. "Towards Design Principles for Good Multi-Level Drought Risk Governance: Some Lessons from the Rhine Basin" Water 16, no. 6: 879. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16060879