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Article

Numerical Simulation Analysis of the Impact of Tunnel Construction on Aquifers in the Karst Regions of Southwestern China

by
Xiaoqing Song
1,2,3,
Chang Cen
4,*,
Kai Liu
5,
Ce Zhang
6,
Aiguo Zhou
1,
Ying Wang
2,3,
Qin Peng
2,3 and
Jin Na
4
1
School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
2
111 Geological Brigade of Guizhou Geological and Mineral Exploration and Development Bureau, Guiyang 550008, China
3
Guizhou Geological Engineering Investigation, Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Guiyang 550008, China
4
College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China
5
Guizhou Transportation Planning Survey and Design Academe Co., Ltd., Guiyang 550081, China
6
Guiyang Rail Transit Line 3 Construction and Operation Co., Ltd., Guiyang 550081, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Water 2025, 17(5), 619; https://doi.org/10.3390/w17050619
Submission received: 23 January 2025 / Revised: 15 February 2025 / Accepted: 18 February 2025 / Published: 20 February 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Hydrogeology)
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Abstract

Underground engineering construction in the karst regions of Southwestern China has become a focal point of China’s advancing regional urban development. However, construction activities interfere with the karst groundwater environment, which is characterized by irregular pore distributions and complex, variable flow patterns. This study establishes a numerical model of the karst water system traversed by Line 2 of the Guiyang Rail Transit in China. Incorporating hydrogeological conditions and tunnel engineering parameters, the model simulates the effects of tunnel construction on the karst groundwater system. The flow-field distribution of the karst groundwater system is altered at various stages of tunnel construction. During tunnel excavation, a drainage zone centered around the subway forms in the groundwater system, altering the groundwater flow field and causing fluctuations in the groundwater level. During the lining phase, the tunnel area gradually transforms into a waterproof zone. Although the groundwater level gradually recovers under rainfall recharge, the waterproofing effect of the tunnel drives the formation of a new groundwater flow field within the groundwater system, changing both the groundwater level and the original flow field. This work offers support for the coordinated development of underground engineering and environmental protection in karst areas, facilitating sustainable urbanization.
Keywords: karst pipeline; tunnel construction; numerical simulation; aquifers karst pipeline; tunnel construction; numerical simulation; aquifers

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MDPI and ACS Style

Song, X.; Cen, C.; Liu, K.; Zhang, C.; Zhou, A.; Wang, Y.; Peng, Q.; Na, J. Numerical Simulation Analysis of the Impact of Tunnel Construction on Aquifers in the Karst Regions of Southwestern China. Water 2025, 17, 619. https://doi.org/10.3390/w17050619

AMA Style

Song X, Cen C, Liu K, Zhang C, Zhou A, Wang Y, Peng Q, Na J. Numerical Simulation Analysis of the Impact of Tunnel Construction on Aquifers in the Karst Regions of Southwestern China. Water. 2025; 17(5):619. https://doi.org/10.3390/w17050619

Chicago/Turabian Style

Song, Xiaoqing, Chang Cen, Kai Liu, Ce Zhang, Aiguo Zhou, Ying Wang, Qin Peng, and Jin Na. 2025. "Numerical Simulation Analysis of the Impact of Tunnel Construction on Aquifers in the Karst Regions of Southwestern China" Water 17, no. 5: 619. https://doi.org/10.3390/w17050619

APA Style

Song, X., Cen, C., Liu, K., Zhang, C., Zhou, A., Wang, Y., Peng, Q., & Na, J. (2025). Numerical Simulation Analysis of the Impact of Tunnel Construction on Aquifers in the Karst Regions of Southwestern China. Water, 17(5), 619. https://doi.org/10.3390/w17050619

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