Exploration of Informal Farmland Leasing Mode: A Case Study of Huang Village in China
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Area
2.2. Data Collection
2.3. Methods
2.3.1. Establishment of Farmland Leasing Network
2.3.2. Network Measures
2.3.3. Node Measures
3. Results
3.1. Descriptive Analysis Results
3.1.1. The General Characteristics of Huang Village
3.1.2. The Characteristics of Household in Huang Village
3.1.3. Farmland Leasing in Huang Village: Current Situation and Changes
3.2. SNA Analysis Results
3.2.1. Network Level Results
3.2.2. Node Level Results
4. Discussions
4.1. Rethinking Trends and Consequences of Informalfarmland Leasing
4.2. Limitations and Extensions
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Frequencies | Percentage (%) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Villager | In total | 1343 | - |
Female | 630 | 46.9 | |
Labor force | In total | 829 | - |
Non-farmer | 674 | 81.3 | |
Part-time farmer | 10 | 1.2 | |
Full-time farmer | 145 | 17.5 | |
Female farmer | 69 | 47.6 | |
Average age of farmer | 62 | - |
Frequencies | Percentage (%) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Household number | 341 | - | |
Average age of householder | ≤40 | 6 | 1.76 |
40–49 | 68 | 19.94 | |
50–59 | 117 | 34.31 | |
60–69 | 83 | 24.34 | |
70–79 | 59 | 17.3 | |
≥80 | 8 | 2.35 | |
Number of household member | 1–2 | 76 | 22.29 |
3–4 | 150 | 43.99 | |
5–6 | 95 | 27.86 | |
≥7 | 20 | 5.86 | |
Labor force per household | 0 | 36 | 10.6 |
1–2 | 157 | 46 | |
3–4 | 129 | 37.8 | |
≥5 | 19 | 5.6 | |
Agricultural labor force per household | 0 | 253 | 74.2 |
1 | 31 | 9.1 | |
2 | 57 | 16.7 | |
Off-farm labor force per household | 0 | 62 | 18.2 |
1–2 | 171 | 50.1 | |
3–4 | 94 | 27.6 | |
5–6 | 14 | 4.1 | |
Household income | ≤10,000 | 53 | 15.54 |
10,001–50,000 | 53 | 15.54 | |
50,001–100,000 | 137 | 40.18 | |
100,001–150,000 | 56 | 16.42 | |
≥150,000 | 42 | 12.32 | |
Household income composition | Agricultural income | 83 | 24.34 |
Non-agricultural income | 283 | 82.99 | |
Agriculture and non-agriculture | 62 | 18.18 | |
Over half from agricultural income | 29 | 8.5 | |
Areas of Contracted farmland (mu) | ≤2 | 25 | 7.33 |
2–3 | 30 | 8.8 | |
3–4 | 52 | 15.25 | |
4–5 | 76 | 22.29 | |
5–8 | 118 | 34.6 | |
≥8 | 40 | 11.73 | |
Numbers of plots per household | ≤3 | 24 | 7.04 |
4–5 | 95 | 27.86 | |
6–7 | 107 | 31.38 | |
8–9 | 68 | 19.94 | |
≥10 | 47 | 13.78 |
Household Proportion (n = 341) | Proportion of Contracted Farmland Area (mu) (n = 1832.6) | Proportion of Contracted Farmland Plots (n = 2284) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
General information | ||||
In total | 96.5%/329 | 79.9%/1464.9 | 80.1%/1830 | |
Location of leased farmland | Neighboring village | 1.8%/6 | 2.5%/47 | 2.7%/62 |
Own village and neighboring village | 2.1%/7 | _ | _ | |
Own village | 92.6%/316 | 77.4%/1417.9 | 77.4%/1768 | |
Detailed information (farmland leasing relationship level) | ||||
# Farmland leasing relationship | 370 | 1417.9 | 1768 | |
Relationship Type | Close relatives | 9.2%/34 | 9.3%/132.4 | 10.5%/185 |
Other relatives | 17%/63 | 20.6%/292.7 | 16.5%/325 | |
Neighbors | 0.6%/2 | 0.4%/5.2 | 0.3%/6 | |
Group members | 33.8%/125 | 35.6%/504.4 | 34.8%/615 | |
Acquaintances | 39.4%/146 | 34.1%/482.2 | 37.9%/670 |
No. | 2000 | 2010 | 2020 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Name | NID | Name | NID | Name | NID | |
1 | WXYI | 0.170 | WXYI | 0.451 | WXYI | 0.560 |
2 | YWM | 0.041 | WYYG | 0.168 | FJ | 0.467 |
3 | FJ | 0.028 | FK | 0.164 | FK | 0.281 |
4 | WXJN | 0.028 | YJAS | 0.127 | WXH_ST | 0.242 |
5 | YYF | 0.024 | WWFO | 0.117 | YLS | 0.229 |
6 | TYS | 0.018 | FJ | 0.107 | GBY | 0.205 |
7 | WXH_ST | 0.016 | YYQ | 0.074 | WSGN | 0.203 |
8 | FK | 0.015 | FGY | 0.063 | WXJ_XZ | 0.179 |
9 | WCL | 0.015 | WDGO | 0.049 | WWFO | 0.164 |
10 | LCFU | 0.013 | LZC | 0.043 | FGY | 0.158 |
11 | WHX | 0.012 | FJH | 0.040 | FFYU | 0.142 |
12 | WXT | 0.009 | BCF | 0.037 | YXZ | 0.130 |
13 | WHZ | 0.009 | QJY | 0.037 | WNF | 0.121 |
14 | WJYN | 0.007 | WQC | 0.037 | YXS | 0.104 |
15 | FGH | 0.006 | WXH_ST | 0.036 | WQYI | 0.099 |
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Fang, T.; Zhuo, Y.; Wu, C.; Zhou, Y.; Xu, Z.; Li, G. Exploration of Informal Farmland Leasing Mode: A Case Study of Huang Village in China. Land 2022, 11, 756. https://doi.org/10.3390/land11050756
Fang T, Zhuo Y, Wu C, Zhou Y, Xu Z, Li G. Exploration of Informal Farmland Leasing Mode: A Case Study of Huang Village in China. Land. 2022; 11(5):756. https://doi.org/10.3390/land11050756
Chicago/Turabian StyleFang, Tingting, Yuefei Zhuo, Cifang Wu, Yihu Zhou, Zhongguo Xu, and Guan Li. 2022. "Exploration of Informal Farmland Leasing Mode: A Case Study of Huang Village in China" Land 11, no. 5: 756. https://doi.org/10.3390/land11050756