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Article

The AWAKE Run 2 Programme and Beyond †

by
Edda Gschwendtner
1,‡,
Konstantin Lotov
2,‡,
Patric Muggli
1,3,‡,
Matthew Wing
4,*,‡,
Riccardo Agnello
5,
Claudia Christina Ahdida
1,
Maria Carolina Amoedo Goncalves
1,
Yanis Andrebe
5,
Oznur Apsimon
6,7,
Robert Apsimon
7,8,
Jordan Matias Arnesano
1,
Anna-Maria Bachmann
3,
Diego Barrientos
1,
Fabian Batsch
3,
Vittorio Bencini
1,9,
Michele Bergamaschi
3,
Patrick Blanchard
5,
Philip Nicholas Burrows
9,
Birger Buttenschön
10,
Allen Caldwell
3,
James Chappell
4,
Eric Chevallay
1,
Moses Chung
11,
David Andrew Cooke
4,
Heiko Damerau
1,
Can Davut
7,12,
Gabor Demeter
13,
Amos Christopher Dexter
7,8,
Steffen Doebert
1,
Francesa Ann Elverson
1,
John Farmer
1,3,
Ambrogio Fasoli
5,
Valentin Fedosseev
1,
Ricardo Fonseca
14,15,
Ivo Furno
5,
Spencer Gessner
1,16,
Aleksandr Gorn
2,
Eduardo Granados
1,
Marcel Granetzny
17,
Tim Graubner
18,
Olaf Grulke
10,19,
Eloise Daria Guran
1,
Vasyl Hafych
3,
Anthony Hartin
4,
James Henderson
7,20,
Mathias Hüther
3,
Miklos Kedves
13,
Fearghus Keeble
4,
Vadim Khudiakov
21,22,
Seong-Yeol Kim
1,11,
Florian Kraus
18,
Michel Krupa
1,
Thibaut Lefevre
1,
Linbo Liang
7,12,
Shengli Liu
23,
Nelson Lopes
15,
Miguel Martinez Calderon
1,
Stefano Mazzoni
1,
David Medina Godoy
1,
Joshua Moody
3,
Kookjin Moon
11,
Pablo Israel Morales Guzmán
3,
Mariana Moreira
15,
Tatiana Nechaeva
3,
Elzbieta Nowak
1,
Collette Pakuza
9,
Harsha Panuganti
1,
Ans Pardons
1,
Kevin Pepitone
24,
Aravinda Perera
6,7,
Jan Pucek
3,
Alexander Pukhov
21,
Rebecca Louise Ramjiawan
1,9,
Stephane Rey
1,
Adam Scaachi
4,
Oliver Schmitz
17,
Eugenio Senes
1,
Fernando Silva
25,
Luis Silva
15,
Christine Stollberg
5,
Alban Sublet
1,
Catherine Swain
6,7,
Athanasios Topaloudis
1,
Nuno Torrado
15,
Petr Tuev
2,
Marlene Turner
1,26,
Francesco Velotti
1,
Livio Verra
1,3,27,
Victor Verzilov
23,
Jorge Vieira
15,
Helmut Vincke
1,
Martin Weidl
10,
Carsten Welsch
6,7,
Manfred Wendt
1,
Peerawan Wiwattananon
1,
Joseph Wolfenden
6,7,
Benjamin Woolley
1,
Samuel Wyler
1,
Guoxing Xia
7,12,
Vlada Yarygova
2,
Michael Zepp
17 and
Giovanni Zevi Della Porta
1add Show full author list remove Hide full author list
1
CERN, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
2
Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
3
Max Planck Institute for Physics, 80805 Munich, Germany
4
University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
5
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Swiss Plasma Center (SPC), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
6
University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, UK
7
Cockcroft Institute, Daresbury WA4 4AD, UK
8
Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK
9
John Adams Institute, Oxford University, Oxford OX1 4BH, UK
10
Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 85748 Garching, Germany
11
UNIST, Ulsan 44919, Korea
12
University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
13
Wigner Research Center for Physics, 1121 Budapest, Hungary
14
ISCTE—Instituto Universitéario de Lisboa, 1649-026 Lisboa, Portugal
15
GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fus ao Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
16
SLAC, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
17
University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
18
Philipps-Universität Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
19
Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
20
Accelerator Science and Technology Centre, ASTeC, STFC Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington WA4 4AD, UK
21
Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
22
Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
23
TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada
24
Angstrom Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
25
INESC-ID, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1000-029 Lisbon, Portugal
26
LBNL, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
27
Technical University Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany
 
add Show full affiliation list
 
remove Hide full affiliation list
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
The AWAKE Collaboration.
‡
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Symmetry 2022, 14(8), 1680; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14081680
Submission received: 23 February 2022 / Revised: 24 May 2022 / Accepted: 28 May 2022 / Published: 12 August 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advance in Accelerator and Particle Physics)
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Versions Notes

Abstract

Plasma wakefield acceleration is a promising technology to reduce the size of particle accelerators. The use of high energy protons to drive wakefields in plasma has been demonstrated during Run 1 of the AWAKE programme at CERN. Protons of energy 400 GeV drove wakefields that accelerated electrons to 2 GeV in under 10 m of plasma. The AWAKE collaboration is now embarking on Run 2 with the main aims to demonstrate stable accelerating gradients of 0.5–1 GV/m, preserve emittance of the electron bunches during acceleration and develop plasma sources scalable to 100s of metres and beyond. By the end of Run 2, the AWAKE scheme should be able to provide electron beams for particle physics experiments and several possible experiments have already been evaluated. This article summarises the programme of AWAKE Run 2 and how it will be achieved as well as the possible application of the AWAKE scheme to novel particle physics experiments.
Keywords: AWAKE; proton-driven plasma wakefield acceleration; dark photons; strong-field QED; electron–proton physics AWAKE; proton-driven plasma wakefield acceleration; dark photons; strong-field QED; electron–proton physics

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MDPI and ACS Style

Gschwendtner, E.; Lotov, K.; Muggli, P.; Wing, M.; Agnello, R.; Ahdida, C.C.; Amoedo Goncalves, M.C.; Andrebe, Y.; Apsimon, O.; Apsimon, R.; et al. The AWAKE Run 2 Programme and Beyond. Symmetry 2022, 14, 1680. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14081680

AMA Style

Gschwendtner E, Lotov K, Muggli P, Wing M, Agnello R, Ahdida CC, Amoedo Goncalves MC, Andrebe Y, Apsimon O, Apsimon R, et al. The AWAKE Run 2 Programme and Beyond. Symmetry. 2022; 14(8):1680. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14081680

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gschwendtner, Edda, Konstantin Lotov, Patric Muggli, Matthew Wing, Riccardo Agnello, Claudia Christina Ahdida, Maria Carolina Amoedo Goncalves, Yanis Andrebe, Oznur Apsimon, Robert Apsimon, and et al. 2022. "The AWAKE Run 2 Programme and Beyond" Symmetry 14, no. 8: 1680. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14081680

APA Style

Gschwendtner, E., Lotov, K., Muggli, P., Wing, M., Agnello, R., Ahdida, C. C., Amoedo Goncalves, M. C., Andrebe, Y., Apsimon, O., Apsimon, R., Arnesano, J. M., Bachmann, A.-M., Barrientos, D., Batsch, F., Bencini, V., Bergamaschi, M., Blanchard, P., Burrows, P. N., Buttenschön, B., ... Zevi Della Porta, G. (2022). The AWAKE Run 2 Programme and Beyond. Symmetry, 14(8), 1680. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14081680

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