Controls on the Stratiform Copper Mineralization in the Western Syncline, Upper Peninsula, Michigan
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
3. Geologic Setting
3.1. Regional Geology
3.2. Local Geology and Potential Ore
4. Sedimentology and Stratigraphy at Western Syncline
4.1. Copper Harbor Conglomerate
4.2. Nonesuch Formation
4.2.1. Parting Shale Member—LCBS
4.2.2. Parting Shale Member—Gray Siltstone and Red Siltstone Units
4.2.3. Upper Sandstone Member
4.2.4. Upper Shale Member—UCBS
4.2.5. Upper Shale Member—Other Units
4.2.6. Stripey Unit
5. Depositional Environment of the Lower Nonesuch Formation at Western Syncline
6. Mineralization of the Lower Nonesuch Formation at Western Syncline
6.1. First-Order Control
6.2. Second-Order Control
6.3. Third-Order Control
7. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Unit | n | Min Cu, % | Max Cu, % | Median Cu, % | n | Min TOC, % | Max TOC, % | Median TOC, % | n | Min S, % | Max S, % | Median S, % |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Stripey | 7 | 0.003 | 4.68 | 0.01 | 7 | 0.33 | 0.66 | 0.44 | 7 | 0.64 | 1.16 | 1.00 |
Upper Shale-BLS | 8 | 0.008 | 0.66 | 0.01 | 7 | 0.03 | 0.35 | 0.13 | 8 | 0.03 | 0.44 | 0.11 |
Upper Shale-Tiebel SS | 9 | 0.003 | 0.11 | 0.01 | 7 | 0.03 | 0.12 | 0.07 | 9 | 0.03 | 0.07 | 0.03 |
Upper Shale-MGS | 18 | 0.005 | 1.00 | 0.22 | 10 | 0.03 | 0.35 | 0.10 | 18 | 0.03 | 0.24 | 0.06 |
Upper Shale-Lower | 87 | 0.001 | 0.78 | 0.60 | 12 | 0.05 | 0.14 | 0.09 | 87 | 0.00 | 0.21 | 0.06 |
Upper Shale-UZV | 125 | 0.005 | 2.83 | 0.81 | 7 | 0.09 | 0.21 | 0.13 | 125 | 0.03 | 0.71 | 0.16 |
Brown Massive | 67 | 0.006 | 0.43 | 0.04 | 7 | 0.03 | 0.09 | 0.07 | 67 | 0.02 | 0.12 | 0.03 |
Thinly/UTZ | 153 | 0.004 | 5.17 | 1.29 | 12 | 0.07 | 0.33 | 0.20 | 153 | 0.02 | 1.18 | 0.35 |
Upper Sandstone | 152 | 0.001 | 3.70 | 0.16 | 8 | 0.06 | 0.63 | 0.15 | 152 | 0.01 | 0.65 | 0.08 |
Red Siltstone | 7 | 0.001 | 0.04 | 0.00 | 4 | 0.02 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 7 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.03 |
Gray Siltstone | 39 | 0.008 | 1.78 | 0.14 | 4 | 0.08 | 0.24 | 0.09 | 39 | 0.02 | 0.45 | 0.05 |
Red Laminated | 489 | 0.004 | 1.61 | 0.23 | 8 | 0.06 | 0.17 | 0.11 | 489 | 0.01 | 0.39 | 0.08 |
Gray Laminated | 515 | 0.014 | 3.22 | 1.12 | 10 | 0.06 | 0.22 | 0.12 | 515 | 0.01 | 0.75 | 0.28 |
Red Massive | 182 | 0.001 | 1.39 | 0.24 | 8 | 0.06 | 0.13 | 0.08 | 182 | 0.01 | 0.35 | 0.07 |
Domino | 433 | 0.003 | 7.30 | 2.24 | 10 | 0.13 | 0.28 | 0.17 | 433 | 0.01 | 1.60 | 0.53 |
CHC Siltstone | 49 | 0.003 | 1.14 | 0.02 | 2 | 0.06 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 49 | 0.01 | 0.25 | 0.02 |
CHC | 363 | 0.000 | 2.71 | 0.01 | 11 | 0.01 | 0.27 | 0.10 | 363 | 0.01 | 0.71 | 0.03 |
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Williams, W.C.; Bornhorst, T.J. Controls on the Stratiform Copper Mineralization in the Western Syncline, Upper Peninsula, Michigan. Minerals 2023, 13, 927. https://doi.org/10.3390/min13070927
Williams WC, Bornhorst TJ. Controls on the Stratiform Copper Mineralization in the Western Syncline, Upper Peninsula, Michigan. Minerals. 2023; 13(7):927. https://doi.org/10.3390/min13070927
Chicago/Turabian StyleWilliams, William C., and Theodore J. Bornhorst. 2023. "Controls on the Stratiform Copper Mineralization in the Western Syncline, Upper Peninsula, Michigan" Minerals 13, no. 7: 927. https://doi.org/10.3390/min13070927