Sources and Ore-Forming Environment of the Jinchanghe Pb-Zn Polymetallic Skarn Deposit, Baoshan Block, SW China: Constraints from Cu-S Isotopic and Trace Elemental Compositions of Sulfides
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Geological Setting
2.1. Regional Geology
2.2. Deposit Geology
3. Sampling and Analytical Methods
4. Analytical Results
4.1. Sulfur and Copper Isotopes
4.2. Trace Elements of Pyrite and Sphalerite
5. Discussion
5.1. Trace Element Distributions in Pyrite and Sphalerite
5.2. Origin of Ore-forming Materials
5.3. Implications for Ore-forming Temperature
6. Conclusions
- (1)
- In the Jinchanghe skarn Pb-Zn polymetallic deposit, trace element Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Sn, Sb, Te, Tl, Pb and Bi were detected in pyrite, and Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Ag, Cd, Sn, Sb, Te, Au, Pb and Bi were detected in sphalerite. Those elements dominantly enter the pyrite and sphalerite crystal lattice by isomorphic substitution, except for some Zn and Cu occuring as sulfide inclusions in Py1.
- (2)
- Cu-S isotopic and trace elemental compositions jointly demonstrate a magmatic-hydrothermal origin for the Jinchanghe Pb-Zn polymetallic deposit with some sedimentary host-rock contributions.
- (3)
- The trace elemental compositions of pyrite and sphalerite indicate that the ore-forming temperature of the sulfide-ore stage in the Jinchanghe distal skarn Pb-Zn polymetallic deposit is medium (ca. 260 ℃).
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample No. | Mineral | Sample Description | δ34S(CDT)‰ | δ65Cu (‰) | 2SD |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
JCH-16-02 | Sphalerite | Sphalerite massive ore | 4.5 | ND | ND |
JCH-16-04 | Chalcopyrite | Chalcopyrite-quartz-calcite vein | 7.1 | 0.00 | 0.03 |
JCH-16-05 | Chalcopyrite | Chalcopyrite-sphalerite-galena massive ore | 5.1 | ND | ND |
Galena | 4.6 | ND | ND | ||
Sphalerite | 6.2 | ND | ND | ||
JCH-16-08 | Chalcopyrite | Chalcopyrite-quartz vein | 5.3 | 0.22 | 0.03 |
JCH-16-09 | Sphalerite | Sphalerite stockwork ore | 4.5 | ND | ND |
JCH-16-10 | Chalcopyrite | Chalcopyrite-galena-sphalerite vein | 6.2 | −0.40 | 0.02 |
Galena | 4.7 | ND | ND | ||
Sphalerite | 5.8 | ND | ND | ||
JCH-16-11 | Chalcopyrite | Sphalerite-chalcopyrite massive ore | 5.5 | 0.17 | 0.05 |
Sphalerite | 7.3 | ND | ND | ||
JCH-16-12 | Pyrite | Pyrite-chalcopyrite-sphalerite vein | 5.9 | ND | ND |
Chalcopyrite | 6.5 | −0.06 | 0.02 | ||
Sphalerite | 6.7 | ND | ND | ||
JCH-16-13 | Chalcopyrite | Chalcopyrite-quartz vein | 4.6 | 0.08 | 0.02 |
JCH-16-15 | Sphalerite | Pyrite-sphalerite massive ore | 5.2 | ND | ND |
Pyrite | 7.1 | ND | ND | ||
JCH-16-16 | Chalcopyrite | Chalcopyrite-quartz vein | 5.8 | −0.06 | 0.04 |
JCH-16-19 | Galena | Chalcopyrite-sphalerite-galena massive ore | 4.3 | ND | ND |
Sphalerite | 6.6 | ND | ND | ||
JCH-16-22 | Chalcopyrite | Galena-chalcopyrite-quartz vein | 6.1 | 0.07 | 0.02 |
Galena | 5.9 | ND | ND | ||
JCH-16-25 | Pyrite | Disseminated pyrite in calcareous slate | 14.5 | ND | ND |
JCH-16-26 | Pyrite | Disseminated pyrite in calcareous slate | 12.3 | ND | ND |
JCH-16-27 | Pyrite | Disseminated pyrite in marble | 15.1 | ND | ND |
JCH-16-28 | Pyrite | Disseminated pyrite in marble | 14.2 | ND | ND |
JCH-16-29 | Pyrite | Disseminated pyrite in marble | 13.6 | ND | ND |
Pyrite Generation | Sample No. | Analysis Spot | Mn | Co | Ni | Cu | Zn | As | Se | Ag | Cd | Sn | Sb | Te | Tl | Pb | Bi | Co/Ni |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(ppm) | (ppm) | (ppm) | (ppm) | (ppm) | (ppm) | (ppm) | (ppm) | (ppm) | (ppm) | (ppm) | (ppm) | (ppm) | (ppm) | (ppm) | ||||
Py1 | JCH-16-26 | 1 | 163.22 | 39.37 | 132.26 | B.D.L | 0.33 | 1102.55 | 12.56 | 1.08 | B.D.L | 0.09 | 127.83 | 0.28 | 0.97 | 1.32 | 0.25 | 0.3 |
2 | 98.15 | 45.55 | 57.25 | 0.12 | 0.25 | 645.84 | 20.38 | 0.62 | 0.16 | 0.13 | 116.97 | 0.16 | 0.51 | 5.63 | 0.16 | 0.8 | ||
3 | 117.64 | 90.28 | 105.41 | 0.08 | 0.22 | 806.37 | 8.41 | 2.37 | 0.28 | 0.11 | 116.01 | B.D.L | 0.36 | 18.26 | 0.13 | 0.86 | ||
JCH-16-29 | 1 | 145.05 | 42.65 | 82.35 | 0.05 | 0.25 | 1008.25 | 15.22 | 1.53 | B.D.L | 0.15 | 176.2 | 0.25 | 0.58 | 10.05 | 0.2 | 0.52 | |
2 | 148.73 | 50.19 | 89.09 | 0.06 | 0.26 | 857.38 | 16.35 | 0.09 | 0.12 | 0.11 | 140.41 | 0.18 | 0.65 | 8.47 | 0.16 | 0.56 | ||
Py2 | JCH-16-01 | 1 | B.D.L | 416.12 | 115.6 | 1057.71 | 409.29 | 16.72 | 274.39 | 2.52 | 9.05 | 0.76 | 19.16 | 0.19 | 0.51 | 18.42 | 10.07 | 3.6 |
2 | B.D.L | 77.26 | 33.27 | 12.15 | 2131.41 | 21.52 | 298.29 | 0.67 | 32.86 | 0.55 | 7.61 | 0.35 | 0.24 | 11.53 | 3.22 | 2.32 | ||
JCH-16-03 | 1 | 0.43 | 123.87 | 40.9 | 254.36 | 3112.93 | 15.72 | 293.38 | 1.3 | 37.36 | 0.65 | 14.06 | 0.23 | 0.41 | 13.2 | 5.08 | 3.03 | |
2 | B.D.L | 54.91 | 29.12 | 3.48 | 6.59 | 14.35 | 319.4 | 0.23 | 8.6 | 0.19 | 1.23 | 0.35 | 0.16 | 0.44 | 1 | 1.89 | ||
JCH-16-06 | 1 | 0.22 | 926.75 | 63.92 | 1.6 | 235.36 | 0.13 | 259.43 | 8.6 | 2.32 | 0.14 | 3.69 | 0.13 | 0.12 | 7.55 | 7.33 | 14.5 | |
2 | 0.23 | 420.54 | 30.21 | 9.08 | 208.91 | 0.32 | 234.69 | 7.01 | 2 | 0.07 | 3.15 | B.D.L | 0.39 | 3.51 | 2.99 | 13.92 | ||
3 | 10.65 | 493.75 | 44.44 | 16.35 | 4.18 | 114.09 | 176.78 | 1103.81 | 6.64 | 0.14 | 8.44 | B.D.L | 0.29 | 2.26 | 3.34 | 11.11 | ||
JCH-16-08 | 1 | 8.55 | 536.54 | 21.8 | 5.49 | 4.69 | 159.82 | 202.81 | 783.23 | 4.22 | 0.15 | 4.62 | B.D.L | 0.12 | 0.65 | 0.54 | 24.61 | |
2 | 4.45 | 483.38 | 31.32 | 6.76 | 2.99 | 30.9 | 188.98 | 216.69 | 15.1 | 0.24 | 3.55 | B.D.L | 0.14 | 1.65 | 3.69 | 15.43 | ||
JCH-16-14 | 1 | B.D.L | 270.55 | 27.5 | 0.57 | 10.25 | 2.42 | 234.87 | 0.23 | 0.52 | 0.11 | 0.17 | 0.27 | 0.07 | 0.11 | 0.43 | 9.84 | |
2 | B.D.L | 13.04 | 2.67 | 5.04 | 3.98 | 3.5 | 257.35 | 0.6 | B.D.L | 0.14 | 19.94 | 0.27 | 0.28 | 32.14 | 13.6 | 4.88 | ||
3 | B.D.L | 15.33 | 1.12 | 0.87 | 5.15 | 1.5 | 241.84 | 0.05 | B.D.L | 0.1 | 2.58 | 0.12 | 0.25 | 0.32 | 0.2 | 13.69 | ||
4 | B.D.L | 68.13 | 6.61 | 1.08 | 7.36 | 2.67 | 294.74 | 0.03 | 0.13 | 0.11 | 1.43 | 0.23 | 0.13 | 0.63 | 0.72 | 10.31 | ||
Py3 | JCH-16-04 | 1 | 71.94 | 198.9 | 43.57 | 0.27 | 3.03 | 33.33 | 115.49 | 0.52 | B.D.L | 0.15 | 10.13 | B.D.L | 0.08 | 2.73 | 1.13 | 4.57 |
2 | 86.61 | 170.12 | 19.33 | 0.49 | 2.26 | 29.44 | 111.51 | 0.45 | B.D.L | 0.13 | 8.65 | B.D.L | 0.16 | 1.87 | 0.5 | 8.8 | ||
3 | 103.96 | 248.26 | 14.67 | 1.19 | 2.54 | 76.24 | 104.77 | 27.51 | B.D.L | 0.15 | 5.14 | B.D.L | 0.25 | 1.4 | 0.4 | 16.92 | ||
JCH-16-11 | 1 | 86.57 | 173.23 | 56.39 | 3.69 | 4.54 | 53.7 | 111.22 | 5.47 | 2.7 | 0.15 | 8.32 | B.D.L | 0.14 | 2.52 | 0.32 | 3.07 | |
2 | 94.62 | 299.2 | 21.63 | 0.07 | 2.87 | 102.08 | 100.73 | 9.18 | B.D.L | 0.13 | 12.08 | B.D.L | 0.12 | 0.87 | 0.16 | 13.83 | ||
JCH-16-15 | 1 | 81.22 | 126.38 | 28.22 | 6.9 | 15.36 | 35.36 | 89.16 | 0.25 | 0.56 | 0.22 | 5.26 | 0.15 | 0.12 | 1.42 | 0.48 | 4.48 | |
2 | 72.23 | 225.65 | 15.26 | 15.42 | 20.13 | 27.28 | 108.22 | 0.38 | 0.25 | 0.17 | 15.15 | B.D.L | 0.29 | 5.31 | 0.75 | 14.79 |
Sample No. | Analysis No. | Mn | Fe | Co | Ni | Cu | Zn | As | Se | Ag | Cd | Sn | Sb | Te | Au | Pb | Bi |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(ppm) | (ppm) | (ppm) | (ppm) | (ppm) | (wt.%) | (ppm) | (ppm) | (ppm) | (ppm) | (ppm) | (ppm) | (ppm) | (ppm) | (ppm) | (ppm) | ||
JCH-16-02 | 1 | 1773 | 43,243 | 138.59 | B.D.L | 13.95 | 62.52% | B.D.L | 49.79 | 2.31 | 1727 | 0.21 | 0.26 | 0.10 | B.D.L | 0.87 | 0.52 |
2 | 1534 | 42,949 | 139.64 | B.D.L | 14.55 | 62.55% | B.D.L | 41.15 | 2.66 | 1749 | 0.19 | 0.92 | 0.09 | B.D.L | 2.21 | 1.68 | |
3 | 1537 | 43,927 | 140.87 | B.D.L | 72.21 | 62.45% | B.D.L | 41.63 | 4.53 | 1768 | 0.19 | 2.49 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 39.39 | 4.89 | |
JCH-16-05 | 1 | 1470 | 43,631 | 138.92 | B.D.L | 506.15 | 62.48% | B.D.L | 36.02 | 4.82 | 1725 | 0.21 | 2.26 | 0.13 | 0.02 | 9.80 | 6.29 |
2 | 1497 | 43,853 | 136.79 | B.D.L | 12.31 | 62.46% | B.D.L | 33.56 | 3.16 | 1729 | 0.21 | 0.76 | 0.23 | B.D.L | 2.99 | 1.99 | |
JCH-16-09 | 1 | 1392 | 14,340 | 240.59 | 1.58 | 11.73 | 65.58% | B.D.L | 29.08 | 3.00 | 3070 | 0.21 | 0.32 | 0.05 | B.D.L | 1.22 | 0.01 |
2 | 1418 | 14,803 | 238.75 | 1.44 | 2.19 | 65.53% | 0.13 | 21.10 | 2.18 | 3061 | 0.22 | 0.76 | 0.13 | B.D.L | 1.00 | 0.01 | |
3 | 1319 | 14,333 | 239.48 | 1.55 | 2.82 | 65.58% | 0.35 | 8.43 | 2.67 | 3052 | 0.24 | 0.28 | 0.05 | B.D.L | 0.77 | 0.01 | |
4 | 1411 | 14,119 | 244.47 | 1.45 | 3.32 | 65.60% | 0.16 | 5.50 | 3.54 | 3044 | 0.25 | 0.12 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.88 | 0.01 | |
JCH-16-10 | 1 | 1487 | 36,659 | 117.16 | B.D.L | 92.85 | 63.22% | 0.20 | 132.41 | 4.95 | 1681 | 0.23 | 2.91 | 0.11 | 0.01 | 310.74 | 3.79 |
2 | 1728 | 37,325 | 118.78 | 5.43 | 7.43 | 63.15% | 0.24 | 119.63 | 4.55 | 1603 | 0.21 | 3.37 | 0.11 | 0.02 | 5.30 | 1.45 | |
3 | 1488 | 37,349 | 117.98 | B.D.L | 4.67 | 63.15% | 0.14 | 129.09 | 2.47 | 1667 | 0.21 | 0.23 | 0.04 | B.D.L | 0.90 | 0.32 | |
4 | 1490 | 36,847 | 116.59 | B.D.L | 125.43 | 63.20% | 0.02 | 107.45 | 4.51 | 1621 | 0.23 | 3.33 | 0.08 | 0.02 | 15.18 | 2.32 | |
JCH-16-12 | 1 | 1461 | 27,367 | 220.10 | 0.84 | 5.83 | 64.20% | 0.26 | 7.56 | 2.34 | 3019 | 0.22 | 1.20 | 0.13 | 0.01 | 2.98 | B.D.L |
2 | 1444 | 27,137 | 220.80 | 0.97 | 3.14 | 64.22% | 0.15 | 6.82 | 1.94 | 3012 | 0.25 | 0.08 | 0.03 | B.D.L | 1.19 | 0.01 | |
3 | 1418 | 26,361 | 221.80 | 0.84 | 3.32 | 64.31% | 0.46 | 7.59 | 1.85 | 2974 | 0.26 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.01 | 1.13 | B.D.L | |
4 | 1482 | 27,115 | 224.38 | 0.60 | 4.49 | 64.23% | B.D.L | 5.27 | 3.06 | 3158 | 0.17 | 7.13 | 0.10 | 0.02 | 5.39 | B.D.L | |
5 | 1500 | 27,987 | 225.24 | 0.65 | 4.62 | 64.13% | B.D.L | 6.33 | 3.49 | 3205 | 0.19 | 3.59 | 0.02 | B.D.L | 5.41 | B.D.L | |
JCH-16-15 | 1 | 1306 | 15,178 | 235.33 | 0.18 | 24.64 | 65.49% | 0.19 | 8.07 | 12.36 | 3156 | 0.25 | 27.79 | 0.11 | 0.10 | 74.96 | 0.01 |
2 | 1518 | 15,166 | 231.56 | 1.06 | 7.49 | 65.49% | B.D.L | 14.60 | 3.70 | 3166 | 0.23 | 6.46 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 8.12 | B.D.L | |
JCH-16-19 | 1 | 1285 | 15,213 | 227.96 | 1.26 | 8.45 | 65.48% | 0.18 | 48.24 | 3.08 | 3045 | 0.22 | B.D.L | 0.12 | 0.01 | 1.68 | B.D.L |
2 | 1227 | 15,043 | 230.83 | 0.81 | 11.82 | 65.50% | 0.17 | 11.23 | 5.10 | 3054 | 0.24 | 5.10 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 8.27 | B.D.L | |
3 | 1215 | 15,595 | 231.20 | 0.80 | 8.02 | 65.44% | B.D.L | 12.07 | 4.06 | 2948 | 0.15 | 0.37 | B.D.L | B.D.L | 1.34 | 0.01 | |
4 | 1221 | 15,986 | 231.48 | 0.82 | 13.26 | 65.40% | 0.02 | 11.77 | 7.15 | 2995 | 0.25 | 2.91 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 4.40 | 0.01 |
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Cheng, X.; Zhou, Y.; Wang, J.; Zhao, C.; Huang, J.; Li, P.; Wang, H.; Chen, F. Sources and Ore-Forming Environment of the Jinchanghe Pb-Zn Polymetallic Skarn Deposit, Baoshan Block, SW China: Constraints from Cu-S Isotopic and Trace Elemental Compositions of Sulfides. Minerals 2024, 14, 644. https://doi.org/10.3390/min14070644
Cheng X, Zhou Y, Wang J, Zhao C, Huang J, Li P, Wang H, Chen F. Sources and Ore-Forming Environment of the Jinchanghe Pb-Zn Polymetallic Skarn Deposit, Baoshan Block, SW China: Constraints from Cu-S Isotopic and Trace Elemental Compositions of Sulfides. Minerals. 2024; 14(7):644. https://doi.org/10.3390/min14070644
Chicago/Turabian StyleCheng, Xiaolin, Yunman Zhou, Jiyuan Wang, Chengfeng Zhao, Jing Huang, Pengju Li, Hai Wang, and Fuchuan Chen. 2024. "Sources and Ore-Forming Environment of the Jinchanghe Pb-Zn Polymetallic Skarn Deposit, Baoshan Block, SW China: Constraints from Cu-S Isotopic and Trace Elemental Compositions of Sulfides" Minerals 14, no. 7: 644. https://doi.org/10.3390/min14070644