The Differences in the Li Enrichment Mechanism between the No. 6 Li-Rich Coals and Parting in Haerwusu Mine, Ordos Basin: Evidenced Using In Situ Li Microscale Characteristics and Li Isotopes
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Geological Setting
2.1. Stratigraphy
2.2. Coal Seam Characteristics
3. Samples and Methods
3.1. Sample Collection
3.2. Analytical Method
4. Results
4.1. Coal Chemistry
4.2. Trace Elements
4.3. Mineralogy
4.4. Li Isotopes
5. Discussion
5.1. In Situ Li Microscopic Characteristics
5.1.1. In Situ Micro-Geochemical Characteristics of Li in Coal
5.1.2. In Situ Micro-Geochemical Characteristics of Li in Parting
5.2. Li Isotopes
5.3. Lithium Enrichment Mechanism of the No. 6 Li-Rich Coals and Parting
6. Conclusions
- By comparing the in situ micro-geochemistry of different elements in HEWS-P (parting) and HEWS-4 (coal), it was found that Li in the No. 6 coal seam is mainly found in the cryptocrystalline or amorphous lamellae aluminosilicate materials, and the lenticular aggregate kaolinite is almost free of Li, suggesting that the lenticular aggregate kaolinite formed before the Li element was enriched and that it might have been formed during transportation.
- In the parting, the microscale distribution of Li is similar to that of Fe and Mg. Comparing the in situ micro-geochemical characteristics of Li, Mg, and Fe, it is assumed that the occurrence of Li in clay minerals is either due to adsorption onto clay surfaces or through the substitution of Fe/Mg within the crystal lattice.
- The δ7Li value of the Li-rich coal (HEWS-1) in the No. 6 coal is 3.86‰, and the δ7Li value of the parting (HEWS-P) is 7.86‰. The δ7Li value in the parting is obviously higher than that in the bottom coal seam and Yinshan Oldland granite. When compared with the Li isotope of Yinshan Oldland granite, it was found that the Li isotope ratio in the bottom coal seam is similar to that in Yinshan Oldland granite.
- The microscopic characteristics of Li in two different Li-rich samples taken from the No. 6 coal seam in the Haerwusu Mine were compared, and the provenance analysis, sedimentary environment evolution, and Li isotope fractionation mechanisms of the No. 6 coal seam were combined. It was found that the enrichment of Li in the coal mainly occurred during sedimentation and diagenesis and is related to the introduction of terrestrial debris and water into the peat bog. Late compaction might also lead to the secondary enrichment of Li in the coal seam and parting.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample | Area/μm | Speed/μm/s | Laser Size/μm | Frequency/Hz |
---|---|---|---|---|
HEWS-P | 462 × 524 | 5 | 10 × 10 | 10 |
HEWS-4 | 274 × 538 | 4 | 6 × 10 | 10 |
Sample | Mad | Aad | Vad | FCad |
---|---|---|---|---|
HEWS-1 | 5.01 | 31.73 | 28.39 | 34.88 |
HEWS-P | 1.83 | 72.84 | 16.64 | 8.70 |
HEWS-2 | 6.01 | 14.14 | 32.73 | 47.13 |
HEWS-3 | 3.42 | 29.73 | 25.70 | 41.16 |
HEWS-4 | 2.79 | 43.26 | 23.46 | 30.50 |
Average | 4.31 | 29.71 | 27.57 | 38.41 |
Sample | Li | Be | B | Sc | V | Cr | Co | Ni | Cu | Zn | Ga | Rb | Sr |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HEWS-1 | 3.8 | 11 | 20 | 5.5 | 12 | 36 | 8.4 | 9.9 | 19 | 4.6 | 9.9 | 1.7 | 19 |
HEWS-P | 290 | 1.5 | 23 | 6.2 | 23 | 8.9 | 1.1 | 4.4 | 11 | 14.7 | 48 | 14 | 55 |
HEWS-2 | 31 | 1.1 | 24 | 3.7 | 9.3 | 4.3 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 8.8 | 2.9 | 13 | 1.8 | 175 |
HEWS-3 | 108 | 2.1 | 16 | 8.6 | 24 | 5.9 | 1.7 | 3.3 | 11 | 6.1 | 24 | 2.2 | 146 |
HEWS-4 | 190 | 2.5 | 23 | 8.4 | 21 | 8.0 | 1.9 | 3.9 | 11 | 7.9 | 28 | 2.9 | 360 |
Average | 83 | 4.2 | 21 | 6.5 | 17 | 13 | 3.3 | 4.6 | 13 | 5.4 | 19 | 2.2 | 175 |
Common Chinese Coal | 32 | 2.1 | 53 | 4.4 | 35 | 15 | 7.1 | 14 | 18 | 41 | 6.6 | 9.3 | 140 |
World Hard Coals | 12 | 1.6 | 52 | 3.9 | 25 | 16 | 5.1 | 13 | 16 | 23 | 5.8 | 14 | 110 |
World Clays | 54 | 3 | 110 | 15 | 120 | 110 | 19 | 49 | 36 | 89 | 16 | 133 | 240 |
Sample | Y | Zr | Nb | Sn | Cs | Ba | Hf | Ta | Tl | Pb | Th | U | REE |
HEWS-1 | 21 | 56 | 2.9 | 1.08 | 0.10 | 72 | 1.6 | 0.18 | 0.06 | 13 | 2.8 | 1.9 | 108 |
HEWS-P | 19 | 247 | 41 | 5.3 | 0.77 | 42 | 9.2 | 3.02 | 0.13 | 33 | 28 | 5.4 | 95 |
HEWS-2 | 11 | 91 | 5.4 | 0.79 | 0.23 | 18 | 2.4 | 0.26 | 0.17 | 16 | 3.7 | 2.0 | 147 |
HEWS-3 | 26 | 233 | 8.8 | 1.9 | 0.17 | 12 | 5.8 | 0.74 | 0.06 | 29 | 14 | 3.0 | 199 |
HEWS-4 | 25 | 281 | 22 | 4 | 0.29 | 29 | 8.2 | 1.40 | 0.07 | 32 | 21 | 4.6 | 157 |
Average | 21 | 166 | 9.7 | 1.9 | 0.20 | 33 | 4.5 | 0.65 | 0.09 | 23 | 10 | 2.9 | 153 |
Common Chinese Coal | 18 | 90 | 9.4 | 2.1 | 1.13 | 159 | 3.7 | 0.62 | 0.47 | 15 | 5.8 | 2.4 | 136 |
World Hard Coals | 8.4 | 36 | 3.7 | 1.1 | 1 | 150 | 1.2 | 0.28 | 0.63 | 7.8 | 3.3 | 2.4 | 68 |
World Clays | 31 | 190 | 11 | 3.5 | 13 | 460 | 5 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 14 | 14 | 4.3 | 226 |
Sample | Mineral Content (%) | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Quartz | Calcite | Boehmite | Siderite | Ankerite | Clay Minerals | |||||
Kao | It | S | C | I/S | ||||||
HEWS-1 | 84.0 | / | / | / | / | 16.0 | \ | \ | \ | \ |
HEWS-P | 0.3 | / | 19.4 | / | / | 80.3 | \ | \ | \ | \ |
HEWS-2 | 0.2 | 17.2 | 42.2 | 4.1 | 6.4 | 29.9 | \ | \ | \ | \ |
HEWS-3 | 1.7 | 13.0 | 10.1 | / | / | 75.2 | \ | \ | \ | \ |
HEWS-4 | 4.4 | 1.9 | 4.1 | / | / | 89.6 | \ | \ | \ | \ |
Average in coal | 22.6 | 8.03 | 14.1 | 1.02 | 1.6 | 64.9 | \ | \ | \ | \ |
Sample | Li Content (μg/g) | δ7Li (‰) | 2SD | n |
---|---|---|---|---|
HEWS-P | 290.32 | 7.86 | 0.34 | 3 |
HEWS-4 | 190.33 | 3.86 | 0.28 | 3 |
Granite-1 a | 10.1 | 3.87 | - | - |
Granite-2 a | 12.6 | 3.21 | - | - |
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Qin, G.; Wei, J.; Wei, Y.; Cao, D.; Li, X.; Zhang, Y. The Differences in the Li Enrichment Mechanism between the No. 6 Li-Rich Coals and Parting in Haerwusu Mine, Ordos Basin: Evidenced Using In Situ Li Microscale Characteristics and Li Isotopes. Minerals 2024, 14, 836. https://doi.org/10.3390/min14080836
Qin G, Wei J, Wei Y, Cao D, Li X, Zhang Y. The Differences in the Li Enrichment Mechanism between the No. 6 Li-Rich Coals and Parting in Haerwusu Mine, Ordos Basin: Evidenced Using In Situ Li Microscale Characteristics and Li Isotopes. Minerals. 2024; 14(8):836. https://doi.org/10.3390/min14080836
Chicago/Turabian StyleQin, Guohong, Jinhao Wei, Yingchun Wei, Daiyong Cao, Xin Li, and Yun Zhang. 2024. "The Differences in the Li Enrichment Mechanism between the No. 6 Li-Rich Coals and Parting in Haerwusu Mine, Ordos Basin: Evidenced Using In Situ Li Microscale Characteristics and Li Isotopes" Minerals 14, no. 8: 836. https://doi.org/10.3390/min14080836