T2-high Asthma, Classified by Sputum mRNA Expression of IL4, IL5, and IL13, is Characterized by Eosinophilia and Severe Phenotype
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Higher IL4, IL5, and IL13 mRNA Expression in Induced Sputum Cells of Asthmatic Patients
2.2. T2-High Asthma is Characterized by Eosinophilia and Severe, Difficult-to-Treat Asthma
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Study Subjects
4.2. Sputum Collection and Processing
4.3. RNA Isolation and Gene Expression
4.4. Statistical Analyses
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
BMI | Body mass index |
FEV1 | Forced expiratory volume in 1 s |
FeNO | Exhaled nitric oxide |
ICS | Inhaled corticosteroids |
LABA | Long-acting beta-agonists |
preBD | Pre-bronchodilation |
postBD | Post-bronchodilation |
OCS | Oral corticosteroids |
RT-qPCR | Quantitative reverse transcription PCR |
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T2-low Asthma | T2-High Asthma | p Value b | |
---|---|---|---|
No. | 12 | 24 | |
Age in years, median (IQR) | 59 (27.0) | 53 (19.3) | 0.779 |
Female sex, No. (%) | 9 (75) | 17 (71) | 1.000 |
BMI (kg/m2), median (IQR) | 25.2 (4.9) | 27.5 (5.7) | 0.748 |
FEV1 (%) preBD, median (IQR) | 92.5 (39.3) | 70 (28.3) | 0.051 |
FEV1 (L) preBD, median (IQR) | 2.43 (0.92) | 2.20 (1.02) | 0.366 |
FEV1 (%) postBD, median (IQR) | 97 (38) | 77 (25) | 0.019 |
FEV1 (L) postBD, median (IQR) | 2.99 (1.41) | 2.21 (1.31) | 0.050 |
FEV1 (%) increase postBD, median (IQR) | 9 (16) | 7 (15.5) | 0.391 |
Positive reversibility test, No. (%) | 2 (17) | 4 (17) | 1.000 |
FeNO (ppb), median (IQR) | 44 (57) | 55 (69) | 0.365 |
Total serum IgE (kU/L), median (IQR) | 338 (871) | 136 (261) | 0.449 |
Blood eosinophils (cells/μL), median (IQR) | 205 (253) | 535 (855) | 0.035 |
Sputum eosinophils (%), median (IQR) | 5 (11.5) | 18 (42.0) | 0.017 |
Active/ex-smokers, No. (%) | 1/3 (8.3/25.0) | 2/4 (8.3/16.7) | 0.700 |
Exacerbations in the past year, No. (%) | 8 (67) | 15 (63) | 1.000 |
ICS use, No. (%) | 10 (83) | 22 (92) | 0.588 |
OCS maintenance use, No. (%) | 2 (17) | 12 (50) | 0.076 |
Seasonal allergic rhinitis, No. (%) | 6 (50) | 8 (33) | 0.472 |
Perennial allergic rhinitis, No. (%) | 6 (50) | 12 (50) | 1.000 |
Biological therapy a, No. (%) | 1 (8) | 15 (63) | 0.004 |
Control Subjects | Asthmatic Subjects | p Value b | |
---|---|---|---|
No. | 8 | 36 | |
Age in years, median (IQR) | 48.5 (14.3) | 55.5 (19.5) | 0.223 |
Female sex, No. (%) | 7 (88) | 26 (72) | 0.656 |
BMI (kg/m2), median (IQR) | 26.9 (7.9) | 26.1 (6.2) | 0.899 |
FEV1 (%) preBD, median (IQR) | 100.5 (11.8) | 74 (42.1) | 0.017 |
FEV1 (L) preBD, median (IQR) | 2.88 (0.69) | 2.33 (1.01) | 0.013 |
FEV1 (%) postBD, median (IQR) | ND | 2.26 (1.31) | |
FEV1 (L) postBD, median (IQR) | ND | 79 (29) | |
Positive reversibility test, No. (%) | ND | 6 (17) | |
FeNO (ppb), median (IQR) | 30 (54) | 55 (57) | 0.313 |
Total serum IgE (kU/l), median (IQR) | ND | 168 (417) | |
Blood eosinophils (cells/μL), median (IQR) | 180 (65) | 315 (720) | 0.197 |
Sputum eosinophils (%), median (IQR) | 0.5 (4.8) | 16 (25.5) | 0.016 |
Active/ex-smokers, No. (%) | 4/0 (50/0) | 3/7 (8.3/19.4) | 0.242 |
Exacerbations in the past year, No. (%) | 23 (64) | ||
ICS c use, No. (%) | 32 (89)c | ||
OCS maintenance use, No. (%) | 14 (39) | ||
Seasonal allergic rhinitis, No. (%) | 14 (39) | ||
Perennial allergic rhinitis, No. (%) | 18 (50) | ||
Biological therapy a, No. (%) | 16 (44) |
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Rijavec, M.; Krumpestar, T.; Škrgat, S.; Kern, I.; Korošec, P. T2-high Asthma, Classified by Sputum mRNA Expression of IL4, IL5, and IL13, is Characterized by Eosinophilia and Severe Phenotype. Life 2021, 11, 92. https://doi.org/10.3390/life11020092
Rijavec M, Krumpestar T, Škrgat S, Kern I, Korošec P. T2-high Asthma, Classified by Sputum mRNA Expression of IL4, IL5, and IL13, is Characterized by Eosinophilia and Severe Phenotype. Life. 2021; 11(2):92. https://doi.org/10.3390/life11020092
Chicago/Turabian StyleRijavec, Matija, Tomaž Krumpestar, Sabina Škrgat, Izidor Kern, and Peter Korošec. 2021. "T2-high Asthma, Classified by Sputum mRNA Expression of IL4, IL5, and IL13, is Characterized by Eosinophilia and Severe Phenotype" Life 11, no. 2: 92. https://doi.org/10.3390/life11020092
APA StyleRijavec, M., Krumpestar, T., Škrgat, S., Kern, I., & Korošec, P. (2021). T2-high Asthma, Classified by Sputum mRNA Expression of IL4, IL5, and IL13, is Characterized by Eosinophilia and Severe Phenotype. Life, 11(2), 92. https://doi.org/10.3390/life11020092