Harmine Inhibits Multiple TLR-Induced Inflammatory Expression through Modulation of NF-κB p65, JNK, and STAT1
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Animals
2.2. Macrophage Isolation
2.3. Cell Viability Assay
2.4. Stimulation of Cells with TLR Ligands
2.5. Western Blotting Analysis
2.6. Cytokine Analysis
2.7. Luciferase Assay
2.8. Intraperitoneal Injection of LPS
2.9. RNA Isolation and Real-Time PCR
2.10. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Harmine Inhibited LPS-Induced Inflammatory Mediators in Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages
3.2. Harmine Inhibited Poly(I:C)-Induced Inflammatory Mediators
3.3. Harmine Inhibits the NF-κB Pathway, Independent of IκBα Degradation
3.4. Harmine Inhibits AP-1 Activity through Modulation of JNK
3.5. Harmine Inhibits STAT1 Activity
3.6. Effect of Harmine on the Liver Inflammatory Response during Endotoxemia
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Jin, S.-J.; Song, Y.; Park, H.S.; Park, K.W.; Lee, S.; Kang, H. Harmine Inhibits Multiple TLR-Induced Inflammatory Expression through Modulation of NF-κB p65, JNK, and STAT1. Life 2022, 12, 2022. https://doi.org/10.3390/life12122022
Jin S-J, Song Y, Park HS, Park KW, Lee S, Kang H. Harmine Inhibits Multiple TLR-Induced Inflammatory Expression through Modulation of NF-κB p65, JNK, and STAT1. Life. 2022; 12(12):2022. https://doi.org/10.3390/life12122022
Chicago/Turabian StyleJin, So-Jung, Youngju Song, Hong Shik Park, Kye Won Park, SeungGwan Lee, and Hee Kang. 2022. "Harmine Inhibits Multiple TLR-Induced Inflammatory Expression through Modulation of NF-κB p65, JNK, and STAT1" Life 12, no. 12: 2022. https://doi.org/10.3390/life12122022