A Retrospective Observational Study Using Administrative Databases to Assess the Risk of Spontaneous Abortions Related to Environmental and Socioeconomic Conditions
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameter | Spontaneous Abortion (N = 1876) | Born (N = 24,085) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
DI Class | |||
<−1.33 | 88 (4.69) | 1356 (5.63) | <0.0001 |
−1.33 to −0.78 | 382 (20.36) | 3751 (15.57) | |
−0.78 to −0.20 | 377 (20.1) | 5148 (21.37) | |
>−0.20 | 1029 (54.85) | 13,830 (57.45) | |
Age | |||
<18 | 11 (0.59) | 92 (0.38) | <0.0001 |
18–24 | 114 (6.08) | 2361 (9.8) | |
25–29 | 265 (14.13) | 4735 (19.66) | |
30–34 | 486 (25.91) | 8511 (35.34) | |
35–39 | 614 (32.73) | 6360 (26.41) | |
>40 | 386 (20.58) | 2026 (8.41) | |
Province of residence | |||
Brindisi | 198 (10.55) | 2242 (9.31) | <0.0001 |
Taranto | 376 (20.04) | 3394 (13.84) | |
BAT | 216 (11.35) | 2602 (10.8) | |
Bari | 426 (22.7) | 7710 (32.01) | |
Foggia | 231 (12.31) | 3775 (15.67) | |
Lecce | 432 (23.03) | 4422 (18.36) | |
Educational level | |||
Whitout degree | 10 (0.58) | 52 (0.25) | 0.0003 |
Primary | 31 (1.79) | 250 (1.19) | |
Secondary | 486 (28.11) | 5427 (25.85) | |
High school | 726 (41.99) | 9810 (46.73) | |
Graduate | 49 (2.83) | 577 (2.75) | |
High graduation degree | 427 (24.7) | 4877 (23.23) | |
Marital status | |||
Unmarried | 752 (43.44) | 8630 (38.95) | <0.0001 |
Married | 930 (53.73) | 13,213 (59.64) | |
Legaly separated | 29 (1.68) | 154 (0.7) | |
Divorced | 17 (0.98) | 146 (0.66) | |
Widow | 3 (0.17) | 13 (0.06) |
Chronic Disease | Spontaneous Abortion (N = 1876) | Born (N = 24,085) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
Endocrinological diseases | 30(1.6) | 1208(5.02) | <0.0001 |
Neoplastic diseases | 4(0.21) | 34(0.14) | 0.3515 |
Genetic diseases | 3(0.16) | 4(0.02) | 0.0106 |
Immune diseases | 2(0.11) | 14(0.06) | 0.3235 |
Neurodegenerative diseases | 2(0.11) | 9(0.04) | 0.1863 |
Respiratory diseases | 2(0.11) | 10(0.04) | 0.2135 |
Cardiocircolatory diseases | 3(0.16) | 16(0.07) | 0.1541 |
Liver diseases | 0(0) | 7(0.03) | 1 |
Psychiatric diseases | 0(0) | 2(0.01) | 1 |
Rheumatological diseases | 0(0) | 1(0) | 1 |
Endometriosis | 0(0) | 1(0) | 1 |
Delivery Outcome | Code | N | % |
---|---|---|---|
Liveborn | v27.0 | 22,121 | 98.4 |
Stillborn | v27.1 | 80 | 0.4 |
Twins: both liveborn | v27.2 | 283 | 1.3 |
Twins: one liveborn, one stillborn | v27.3 | 4 | 0.02 |
Twins: both stillborn | v27.4 | 1 | 0.01 |
Multiple birth: all liveborn | v27.5 | 4 | 0.02 |
Multiple birth: some liveborn | v27.6 | 0 | 0 |
Multiple birth: all stillborn | v27.7 | 0 | 0 |
Multiple birth: unspecified | v27.9 | 2 | 0.01 |
Parameters | Univariate | Multivariable | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Chi-Square | p-Value | Chi-Square | p-Value | |
Class of deprivation | 29.48 | <0.001 | 25.07 | <0.001 |
Class of age | 344.83 | <0.001 | 338.56 | <0.001 |
Educational level | 19.04 | <0.001 | 16.28 | 0.001 |
Marital status | 37.6 | 0.001 | 35.94 | <0.001 |
Province | 130.65 | <0.001 | 82.93 | <0.001 |
Endocrinologic disease | 39.9652 | <0.001 | 62.13 | <0.001 |
Genetic disease | 8.7963 | 0.003 | 6.34 | 0.011 |
Neoplastic diseases | 0.6179 | 0.4318 | - | - |
Immune diseases | 0.6443 | 0.4222 | - | - |
Neurodegenerative diseases | 1.8077 | 0.1788 | - | - |
Respiratory diseases | 1.487 | 0.2227 | - | - |
cardiocircolatory diseases | 1.9547 | 0.1621 | - | - |
Liver diseases | 0.005 | 0.9438 | - | - |
Psychiatric diseases | 0.0031 | 0.9559 | - | - |
Rheumatological diseases | 0.0032 | 0.9549 | - | - |
Endometriosis | 0.0032 | 0.9549 | - | - |
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Giotta, M.; Bartolomeo, N.; Trerotoli, P. A Retrospective Observational Study Using Administrative Databases to Assess the Risk of Spontaneous Abortions Related to Environmental and Socioeconomic Conditions. Life 2023, 13, 1853. https://doi.org/10.3390/life13091853
Giotta M, Bartolomeo N, Trerotoli P. A Retrospective Observational Study Using Administrative Databases to Assess the Risk of Spontaneous Abortions Related to Environmental and Socioeconomic Conditions. Life. 2023; 13(9):1853. https://doi.org/10.3390/life13091853
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiotta, Massimo, Nicola Bartolomeo, and Paolo Trerotoli. 2023. "A Retrospective Observational Study Using Administrative Databases to Assess the Risk of Spontaneous Abortions Related to Environmental and Socioeconomic Conditions" Life 13, no. 9: 1853. https://doi.org/10.3390/life13091853