How Do Machines Learn? Artificial Intelligence as a New Era in Medicine

Koteluk, Oliwia; Wartecki, Adrian; Mazurek, Sylwia; Kołodziejczak, Iga; Mackiewicz, Andrzej

doi:10.3390/jpm11010032

Open AccessReview

How Do Machines Learn? Artificial Intelligence as a New Era in Medicine

by

Oliwia Koteluk

^1,†,

Adrian Wartecki

^1,†,

Sylwia Mazurek

^2,3,*,‡,

Iga Kołodziejczak

^4,‡ and

Andrzej Mackiewicz

^2,3

¹

Faculty of Medical Sciences, Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland

²

Department of Cancer Immunology, Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland

³

Department of Cancer Diagnostics and Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 61-866 Poznan, Poland

⁴

Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

^†

These authors contributed equally.

^‡

These authors contributed equally.

J. Pers. Med. 2021, 11(1), 32; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11010032

Submission received: 25 November 2020 / Revised: 31 December 2020 / Accepted: 5 January 2021 / Published: 7 January 2021

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Interface between Human Physiology and Medical Device Development)

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Abstract

With an increased number of medical data generated every day, there is a strong need for reliable, automated evaluation tools. With high hopes and expectations, machine learning has the potential to revolutionize many fields of medicine, helping to make faster and more correct decisions and improving current standards of treatment. Today, machines can analyze, learn, communicate, and understand processed data and are used in health care increasingly. This review explains different models and the general process of machine learning and training the algorithms. Furthermore, it summarizes the most useful machine learning applications and tools in different branches of medicine and health care (radiology, pathology, pharmacology, infectious diseases, personalized decision making, and many others). The review also addresses the futuristic prospects and threats of applying artificial intelligence as an advanced, automated medicine tool.

Keywords: machine learning; artificial intelligence; bioinformatics; medicine; algorithm; decision making; personalized medicine; data processing; data mining; personalized treatment

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MDPI and ACS Style

Koteluk, O.; Wartecki, A.; Mazurek, S.; Kołodziejczak, I.; Mackiewicz, A. How Do Machines Learn? Artificial Intelligence as a New Era in Medicine. J. Pers. Med. 2021, 11, 32. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11010032

AMA Style

Koteluk O, Wartecki A, Mazurek S, Kołodziejczak I, Mackiewicz A. How Do Machines Learn? Artificial Intelligence as a New Era in Medicine. Journal of Personalized Medicine. 2021; 11(1):32. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11010032

Chicago/Turabian Style

Koteluk, Oliwia, Adrian Wartecki, Sylwia Mazurek, Iga Kołodziejczak, and Andrzej Mackiewicz. 2021. "How Do Machines Learn? Artificial Intelligence as a New Era in Medicine" Journal of Personalized Medicine 11, no. 1: 32. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11010032

APA Style

Koteluk, O., Wartecki, A., Mazurek, S., Kołodziejczak, I., & Mackiewicz, A. (2021). How Do Machines Learn? Artificial Intelligence as a New Era in Medicine. Journal of Personalized Medicine, 11(1), 32. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11010032

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

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How Do Machines Learn? Artificial Intelligence as a New Era in Medicine

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