Phosphodiesterase-5 Expression in Buccal Mucosa of Patients with Erectile Dysfunction One Year after Radical Prostatectomy
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Patients and Buccal Mucosa Samples Recovery
2.2. Interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10 Determination
2.3. Determination of Buccal Mucosal Levels of NOS3, β1-Subunit of sGC and PDE5
2.4. Analysis of the Rs3806808 PDE5A Gene Polymorphism
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Changes in Buccal Mucosa of the Nitric Oxide System and Its Relationship with the IIEF-EFD Score
3.2. Rs3806808 PDE5A Gene Polymorphism
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | Functional Erection (n = 15) | ED (n = 23) | p Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
IIEF-EFD score | 26.93 ± 0.21 | 12.35 ± 1.44 | <0.001 | |
Age (y) | 61.27 ± 1.44 | 60.30 ± 1.12 | 0.631 | |
Neurovascular bundle preserved N (%) | None | 0 (0.0) | 4 (17.4) | 0.264 |
Left | 4 (26.7) | 7 (30.4) | ||
Right | 5 (33.3) | 6 (26.1) | ||
Both | 6 (40.0) | 6 (26.1) | ||
Radical prostectomy procedure | Open | 10 (66.7) | 12 (52.2) | 0.376 |
Laparoscopy | 4 (26.7) | 10 (43.5) | 0.294 | |
Robotic | 1 (6.7) | 1 (4.3) | 0.754 | |
Total testosterone (ng/mL) | 4.5 ± 0.8 | 4.9 ± 0.6 | 0.787 | |
Free testosterone (pg/mL) | 44.8 ± 2.1 | 46.6 ± 0.6 | 0.760 | |
Pharmacological treatment N (%) | None | 1 (6.7) | 8 (34.8) | 0.046 |
PDE5 inhibitors | 8 (53.3) | 6 (26.1) | 0.089 | |
PGE1 | 4 (26.7) | 6 (26.1) | 0.968 | |
Both | 2 (13.3) | 3 (13.0) | 0.979 |
Variables | Functional Erection (n = 15) | ED (n = 23) | p Value |
---|---|---|---|
IL-10 (pg/μg tissue protein) | 1.45 ± 0.15 | 1.10 ± 0.12 | 0.225 |
IL-6 (pg/μg tissue protein) | 0.12 ± 0.02 | 0.24 ± 0.09 | 0.662 |
IL-10/IL-6 Ratio | 14.03 ± 2.12 | 13.79 ± 4.36 | 0.207 |
NOS3 (A.U) | 1606.78 ± 87.28 | 1509.70 ± 111.51 | 0.953 |
SGC-β1 (A.U) | 1936.54 ± 99.67 | 1723.69 ± 111.75 | 0.344 |
PDE5 (A.U) | 1569.23 ± 79.37 | 2045.30 ± 125.71 | 0.004 |
Variables | Mild-Moderate ED (n = 13) | Severe ED (n = 10) | p Value |
---|---|---|---|
IIEF-EFD score | 17.23 ± 1.44 | 6.0 ± 0.39 | <0.001 |
IL-6 (pg/μg tissue protein) | 0.25 ± 0.13 | 0.20 ± 0.04 | 0.141 |
IL-10 (pg/μg tissue protein) | 1.18 ± 0.17 | 0.90 ± 0.06 | 0.112 |
IL-10/IL-6 ratio | 16.87 ± 5.83 | 6.08 ± 2.36 | 0.031 |
NOS3 (A.U) | 1645.30 ± 125.14 | 1333.50 ± 191.45 | 0.321 |
sGC-β1 (A.U) | 1821.67 ± 119.55 | 1596.32 ± 205.53 | 0.385 |
PDE5 (A.U) | 2083.99 ± 187.01 | 1995.01 ± 166.54 | 0.804 |
Gene | Variants | Functional Erection (N = 15)% (N) | ED (N = 22)% (N) | p Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
PDE5A | AA | 40.0 (6) | 45.5 (10) | 0.212 |
AC | 46.7 (7) | 54.5 (12) | ||
CC | 13.3 (2) | 0 (0) | ||
Allele A | 63.3 (19) | 72.7 (32) | 0.391 | |
Allele C | 36.7 (11) | 27.3 (12) |
Variables | Functional Erection (N = 10) | ED (N = 9) | p Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
PDE5 content (A.U) | 1578.3 ± 103.59 | 2021.91 ± 163.55 | 0.041 | |
Gene | Variants | Non dysfunction (N = 10)% (N) | Dysfunction (N = 9)% (N) | p Value |
PDE5A | AA | 40.0 (4) | 57.1 (4) | 0.606 |
AC | 50.0 (5) | 42.9 (3) | ||
CC | 10.0 (1) | 0 (0) | ||
Allele A | 65.0 (13) | 78.6 (11) | 0.393 | |
Allele C | 35.0 (7) | 21.4 (3) |
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García-Cardoso, J.; Zamorano-León, J.J.; González-Enguita, C.; Simón, C.; Jiménez-García, R.; López-de-Andrés, A.; Cuadrado-Corrales, N.; Carbantes-Alarcon, D.; Martínez-Martínez, C.H.; Zekri-Nechar, K. Phosphodiesterase-5 Expression in Buccal Mucosa of Patients with Erectile Dysfunction One Year after Radical Prostatectomy. J. Pers. Med. 2024, 14, 869. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm14080869
García-Cardoso J, Zamorano-León JJ, González-Enguita C, Simón C, Jiménez-García R, López-de-Andrés A, Cuadrado-Corrales N, Carbantes-Alarcon D, Martínez-Martínez CH, Zekri-Nechar K. Phosphodiesterase-5 Expression in Buccal Mucosa of Patients with Erectile Dysfunction One Year after Radical Prostatectomy. Journal of Personalized Medicine. 2024; 14(8):869. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm14080869
Chicago/Turabian StyleGarcía-Cardoso, Juan, José J. Zamorano-León, Carmen González-Enguita, Carlos Simón, Rodrigo Jiménez-García, Ana López-de-Andrés, Natividad Cuadrado-Corrales, David Carbantes-Alarcon, Carlos Hugo Martínez-Martínez, and Khaoula Zekri-Nechar. 2024. "Phosphodiesterase-5 Expression in Buccal Mucosa of Patients with Erectile Dysfunction One Year after Radical Prostatectomy" Journal of Personalized Medicine 14, no. 8: 869. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm14080869