Long Term Monitoring in Switzerland Reveals That Adalia bipunctata Strongly Declines in Response to Harmonia axyridis Invasion
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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2006 (9–10) | 2007 (8–9) | 2008 (9) | 2009 (9) | 2010 (7) | 2011 (7) | 2012 (7) | 2013 (7) | 2015 (7) | 2016 (7) | 2017 (7) | Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adalia bipunctata (L.) | 46 | 150 | 57 | 39 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 297 |
Adalia decempunctata (L.) | 92 | 67 | 94 | 24 | 79 | 18 | 91 | 41 | 21 | 52 | 93 | 672 |
Anatis ocellata (L.) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
Aphidecta obliterata (L.) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Calvia quatuordecimguttata (L.) | 31 | 60 | 21 | 5 | 21 | 20 | 21 | 17 | 17 | 22 | 39 | 274 |
Calvia decemguttata (L.) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 7 | 15 |
Chilocorus bipustulatus (L.) | 0 | 42 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 49 |
Chilocorus renipustulatus (Scriba) | 0 | 36 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 37 |
Coccinella quinquepunctata L. | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Coccinella septempunctata L | 23 | 10 | 1 | 2 | 7 | 46 | 46 | 7 | 15 | 1 | 1 | 159 |
Exochomus quadripustulatus (L.) | 37 | 41 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 24 | 27 | 9 | 6 | 12 | 17 | 178 |
Halizia sedecimguttata (L.) | 23 | 1 | 7 | 3 | 1 | 10 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 32 | 83 |
Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) | 13 | 168 | 332 | 205 | 622 | 281 | 444 | 245 | 243 | 273 | 689 | 3515 |
Harmonia quadripunctata Pontoppidan | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 |
Henosepilachna argus (Geoffroy) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
Hippodamia variegata (Goeze) | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 4 |
Myzia oblonguttata (L.) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Oenopia conglobata (L.) | 2 | 13 | 5 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 10 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 7 | 52 |
Platynaspis luteorubra (Goeze) * | 14 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24 |
Propylea quatuordecimpunctata (L.) | 170 | 26 | 17 | 12 | 26 | 38 | 51 | 44 | 24 | 14 | 21 | 443 |
Psyllobora vigintiduopunctata (L.) | 9 | 11 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 2 | 7 | 11 | 2 | 22 | 3 | 76 |
Subcoccinella vigintiquatuorpunctata (L.) | 1 | 1 | 8 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 15 |
Total | 467 | 632 | 551 | 295 | 771 | 445 | 707 | 383 | 339 | 401 | 918 | 4991 |
2006 (9) | 2007 (8–9) | 2008 (9) | 2009 (9) | 2010 (7) | 2011 (7) | 2012 (7) | 2013 (7) | 2015 (7) | 2016 (7) | 2017 (7) | Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adalia bipunctata | 0 | 4 | 2 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 |
Adalia decempunctata | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 15 |
Anatis ocellata | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Calvia quatuordecimguttata | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 6 |
Chilocorus renipustulatus | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Coccinella quiquepunctata | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Coccinella septempunctata | 36 | 10 | 1 | 3 | 8 | 52 | 34 | 8 | 28 | 0 | 3 | 183 |
Coccinula quatuordecimpunctata (L.) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Exochomus quadripustulatus | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 6 |
Halizia sedecimguttata | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
Harmonia axyridis | 0 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 15 | 4 | 7 | 3 | 18 | 20 | 82 |
Hippodamia variegata | 10 | 20 | 2 | 0 | 21 | 33 | 7 | 16 | 3 | 3 | 28 | 143 |
Platynaspis luteorubra* | 5 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 10 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 19 |
Propylea quatuordecimpunctata | 103 | 18 | 1 | 5 | 19 | 42 | 60 | 39 | 21 | 23 | 56 | 387 |
Psyllobora vigintiduopunctata | 26 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 16 | 12 | 13 | 6 | 6 | 36 | 130 |
Subcoccinella vigintiquatuoropunctata | 29 | 8 | 1 | 4 | 7 | 18 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 20 | 100 |
Tytthaspis sedecimpunctata (L.) | 348 | 18 | 1 | 0 | 25 | 59 | 28 | 42 | 15 | 12 | 61 | 609 |
Total | 559 | 94 | 15 | 27 | 89 | 237 | 157 | 138 | 76 | 72 | 235 | 1464 |
2007 (7) | 2008 (8) | 2009 (7) | 2010 (7) | 2011 (7) | 2012 (7) | 2013 (7) | 2015 (7) | 2016 (7) | 2017 (7) | Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adalia bipunctata | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
Adalia decempunctata | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 11 | 24 |
Anatis ocellata | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 16 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 28 |
Aphidecta obliterata | 1 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 20 |
Chilocorus bipustulatus | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 4 |
Chilocorus renipustulatus | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Coccinella quinquepunctata | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Coccinella septempunctata | 5 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 39 | 15 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 15 | 102 |
Exochomus quadripustulatus | 17 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 57 |
Halizia sedecimguttata | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Harmonia axyridis | 2 | 6 | 0 | 37 | 27 | 8 | 2 | 3 | 16 | 25 | 126 |
Harmonia quadripunctata | 9 | 7 | 1 | 8 | 25 | 41 | 4 | 15 | 29 | 25 | 164 |
Myrrha octodecimguttata (L.) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 9 |
Myzia oblonguttata | 5 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 16 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 19 | 76 |
Platynaspis luteorubra * | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Propylea quatuordecimpunctata | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 6 |
Total | 45 | 25 | 4 | 71 | 98 | 114 | 36 | 44 | 84 | 105 | 623 |
2007 (7) | 2008 (8) | 2009 (7) | 2010 (7) | 2011 (7) | 2012 (7) | 2013 (7) | 2015 (7) | 2016 (7) | 2017 (7) | Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adalia bipunctata | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
Adalia decempunctata | 74 | 4 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 87 |
Anatis ocellata | 52 | 6 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 11 | 11 | 0 | 43 | 128 |
Aphidecta obliterata | 671 | 366 | 99 | 126 | 123 | 137 | 254 | 237 | 121 | 284 | 2417 |
Calvia quatuordecimguttata | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Calvia decemguttata | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Chilocorus renipustulatus | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
Coccinella septempunctata | 16 | 2 | 1 | 64 | 149 | 51 | 75 | 41 | 0 | 43 | 442 |
Exochomus quadripustulatus | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 11 |
Halizia sedecimguttata | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
Harmonia axyridis | 1 | 1 | 0 | 12 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 21 |
Harmonia quadripunctata | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Myzia oblonguttata | 19 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 28 |
Platynaspis luteorubra * | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Propylea quatuordecimpunctata | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 |
Subcoccinella vigintiquatuorpunctata | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
Total | 843 | 386 | 100 | 217 | 290 | 196 | 348 | 293 | 122 | 375 | 3169 |
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Kenis, M.; Nacambo, S.; Van Vlaenderen, J.; Zindel, R.; Eschen, R. Long Term Monitoring in Switzerland Reveals That Adalia bipunctata Strongly Declines in Response to Harmonia axyridis Invasion. Insects 2020, 11, 883. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11120883
Kenis M, Nacambo S, Van Vlaenderen J, Zindel R, Eschen R. Long Term Monitoring in Switzerland Reveals That Adalia bipunctata Strongly Declines in Response to Harmonia axyridis Invasion. Insects. 2020; 11(12):883. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11120883
Chicago/Turabian StyleKenis, Marc, Saidou Nacambo, Johan Van Vlaenderen, Renate Zindel, and René Eschen. 2020. "Long Term Monitoring in Switzerland Reveals That Adalia bipunctata Strongly Declines in Response to Harmonia axyridis Invasion" Insects 11, no. 12: 883. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11120883