Impact of Climate Change on Peach Fruit Moth Phenology: A Regional Perspective from China
by
,
Haotian Bian
1, 
Shengjun Yu
1,
Wenzhuo Li
1,
Jing Lu
1,
Chengmin Jia
1,
Jianxiang Mao
1,
Qingqing Fu
1,
Yunzhe Song
1,* and
Pumo Cai
1,2,* 1
College of Tea and Food Science, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, China
2
Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350001, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Insects 2024, 15(10), 825; https://doi.org/10.3390/insects15100825
Submission received: 28 September 2024
/
Revised: 17 October 2024
/
Accepted: 19 October 2024
/
Published: 21 October 2024
(This article belongs to the Section Insect Pest and Vector Management)
Simple Summary
This study investigated the impact of climate change on the phenology of Carposina sasakii in China using historical data. The findings reveal that overwintering adults’ first occurrence and population peak dates have generally advanced in eastern, northwestern, and northern regions, except for a delay in Jilin. For first-generation adults, first occurrence dates have shifted earlier in northeast, east, and central China but delayed in northwest and northern parts. Significant delays were observed in population peaks and end occurrences in provinces like Gansu, Shaanxi, and Liaoning. Pearson correlation analyses confirm spatial heterogeneity in C. sasakii’s responses to warming temperatures. These insights are crucial for monitoring and managing peach fruit moth populations amidst climate change.
Abstract
It is widely recognized that the phenology of insects, of which the life activities are closely tied to temperature, is shifting in response to global climate warming. This study aimed to investigate the impacts of climate change on the phenology of Carposina sasakii Matsumura, 1900 (Lepidoptera: Carposinidae) across large temporal and spatial scales, through collecting and systematically analyzing historical data on the pest’s occurrence and population dynamics in China. The results showed that for overwintering adults, the first occurrence date in eastern, northwestern, and northern China has significantly advanced, along with the population peak in eastern and northwestern China. At the provincial level, the population peak date in Shandong province has also moved significantly earlier, as well as the population peak date in Shandong and Shaanxi and the end occurrence date in Ningxia. However, the population peak date in Jilin has experienced a delayed trend. For first-generation adults, the first occurrence date in northeastern, eastern, and central China has notably advanced, while the first appearance date in northwestern and northern China has significantly delayed. Additionally, the population peak in northwestern China has experienced significant delays, along with the final occurrence in northeastern and northwestern China. At the provincial level, the first occurrence date in Liaoning, Shandong, and Shanxi has significantly advanced, while Hebei has demonstrated a significant delay. The population peak time in Gansu and Shaanxi has displayed significant delays, and the end occurrence date in Liaoning, Shanxi, and Shaanxi has also shown significant delays. Furthermore, these findings integrated with the Pearson correlation results reveal spatial heterogeneity in C. sasakii’s phenological responses to climate warming at both regional and provincial scales. The phenology of C. sasakii and their changing patterns with climate warming vary by geographical location. This study provides valuable information for the future monitoring, prediction, and prevention of peach fruit moths in the context of climate warming.
