Fate of Ingested Aristolactams from Aristolochia chilensis in Battus polydamas archidamas (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae)
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Section
2.1. Insects and Plants
2.2. Extraction and Isolation of Aristolactams
2.3. HPLC-DAD Analysis of Aristolactams
2.4. GC-MS Analysis of Aristolactams
3. Results and Discussion
Lactams | RT | KI | MS (m/z, %) |
---|---|---|---|
AL-II | 34.0 | 3112.7 | M+ 263 (95.5), 207.3 (38.9), 179.2 (35.8), 177.2 (43.1), 152.3 (75.3), 151.1 (38.5), 150.1 (100), 131.2 (40.0), 76.1 (28.9), 75.2 (55.4). |
AL-I | 41.3 | 3383.9 | M+ 293 (95.6), 278.3 (96.7), 250.3 (54.0), 207.3 (38.6), 166.3 (69.2), 164.1 (100), 139.3 (59.8), 124.6 (40.1), 137.1 (55.7), 73.1 (48.1). |
Lactams | Aristolactams in host plant samples (P1-P5) a | Frass | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
P1 | P2 | P3 | P4 | P5 | Mean ± SD | ||
AL-I(1) | 1,207 | 1,184 | 1,140 | 1,270 | 1,185 | 1,197.2 ± 47.4 | |
AL-II(2) | 26.8 | 27.9 | 30.1 | 26.5 | 27.4 | 27.74 ± 1.43 | |
Aristolactams in larvae samples (L1-L5) b | |||||||
L1 | L2 | L3 | L4 | L5 | Mean ± SD | ||
AL-I(1) | 291.5 | 289.5 | 278.5 | 285 | 290 | 286.9 ± 5.3 | 745.8 c |
AL-II(2) | 70.5 | 76.5 | 75.5 | 78.1 | 74 | 74.92 ± 2.9 | – |
Lactams | Amount in µg | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
L1 | L2 | L3 | L4 | L5 | Mean ± SD | |
AL-I | 58.3 (4.8%) | 57.9 (4.9%) | 55.7 (4.9%) | 57.0 (4.3%) | 57.0 (4.5%) | 57.38 ± 1.1 |
AL-II | 14.1 (52.6%) | 15.3 (54.8%) | 16 (53.2%) | 15.9 (58.9%) | 14.8 (54.0%) | 15.22 ± 0.8 |
3.1. Discussion
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Urzúa, A.; Olguín, A.; Santander, R. Fate of Ingested Aristolactams from Aristolochia chilensis in Battus polydamas archidamas (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). Insects 2013, 4, 533-541. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects4040533
Urzúa A, Olguín A, Santander R. Fate of Ingested Aristolactams from Aristolochia chilensis in Battus polydamas archidamas (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). Insects. 2013; 4(4):533-541. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects4040533
Chicago/Turabian StyleUrzúa, Alejandro, Angel Olguín, and Rocío Santander. 2013. "Fate of Ingested Aristolactams from Aristolochia chilensis in Battus polydamas archidamas (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae)" Insects 4, no. 4: 533-541. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects4040533