Intensity and Pace Calculation of Ultra Short Race Pace Training (USRPT) in Swimming—Take-Home Messages and Statements for Swimming Coaches
Abstract
:1. Introduction
High-Intensity and Low-Volume Training Types
2. Methods
- Manuscripts in the English language
- Full text availability
- Human participants
- International-, national-, or regional-level swimmers
- Acute or intervention effects of USRPT according to Rushall’s instructions:
- USRPT alone or combined with other training methods
- Minimum of three times for the targeted event
- Intervals close to 20 s
- Measurements that yielded results based on biomarkers, as well as physiological and biomechanical factors
- All study types (original, narrative reviews, systematic reviews, etc.),
- Not meeting the inclusion criteria
- Participants were children (≤11 years old)
- The volume of training was less than three times the targeted event
- Intervals of less than 15 and more than 30 s
- Study examined only performance factors.
3. Results
4. Discussion
4.1. Background
4.2. Intensity
4.3. Pace Calculation
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
References
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Authors | Participants | Training Content | Variables Studied | Results | Limitations | Key Message | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Papadimitriou et al. [10] |
| USRPT: 20 × 25 m front crawl @40 s on 100 m pace HIIT: 5 × 50 m front crawl @3 min | Acute response and comparison of BL, BG, DPS, SR, SV, SI, HR, RPE | HIIT DPS ↑ SI ↑ BL ↑ HR ↑ | USRPT SV ↑ |
| USRPT is an anaerobic training stimulus with a lower physiological burden than HIIT. |
Williamson, McCarthy, and Ditroilo [28] |
| USRPT: 20 × 25 m front crawl @35 s on 100 m pace | Acute response of BL, HR, RPE | USRPT BL ↑ HR ↑ RPE ↑ |
| USRPT, according to HR, BL, and RPE indices, is an anaerobic training stimulus. | |
Cuenca-Fernández et al. [29] |
| USRPT: 20 × 50 m front crawl @60 & 70 s for ♂ and ♀, on 200 m pace RPT: 10 × 100 m front crawl @130 & 140 s for ♂ and ♀, on 200 m pace | Acute response of BL, SC, CMJ | RPT BL ↑ SC ↑ CMJ ↓ Compared to USRPT |
| USRPT has a lower metabolic burden than RPT. RPT could be a training method for greater distance swimming events. |
Distances (m) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
BL in Events (mmol·L−1) | 100 | 200 | BL in USRPT (mmol·L−1) | ||
Avlonitou [38] | 13.1 ± 2.7 | 20 × 25 m, 13.6 ± 3.1 | 12.8 ± 1.3 | Williamson, McCarthy, & Ditroilo [28] | |
Vescovi, Falenchuk and Wells [40] | 13.9 ± 1.9 | 14.0 ± 1.7 | 20 × 50 m 8.2 ± 2.4 | Cuenca-Fernández et al. [29] | |
Sousa et al. [41] | 20 × 25 m, 10.0 ± 0.9 | 11.7 ± 1.4 | Papadimitriou et al. [10] | ||
Zacca et al. [42] | 12.4 ± 1.8 | 12. ± 1.6 |
200 m Event on 120 s | First Split (s) | Second Split (s) | Third Split (s) | Fourth Split (s) | Av. Pace of Total Event (s) | Av. Pace of Second to Fourth Split (s) | Df. between Av. Pace of Total Event and First Split (s) | Df. between Av. Pace of the Total Event and Av. Pace of Second to Fourth Splits (s) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The hurrying swimmer | 27 | 30 | 32 | 31 | 30 | 31 | −3 | −1 |
The patient swimmer | 28 | 30 | 32 | 30 | 30 | 30.6 | −1 | −0.4 |
The negative swimmer | 30 | 31 | 30 | 29 | 30 | 30 | 0 | 0 |
100 m Event (s) | First Split (s) | Second Split (s) | Third Split (s) | Fourth Split (s) | Av. Pace of Total Event (s) | Av. Pace of Wall Splits (First—Third) (s) | Av. Pace without Wall Splits (Second—Fourth) (s) | Df. between Occasions (s) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
60 | 13 | 16 | 14 | 17 | 15 | 13.5 | 16.5 | −1.5 |
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Papadimitriou, K. Intensity and Pace Calculation of Ultra Short Race Pace Training (USRPT) in Swimming—Take-Home Messages and Statements for Swimming Coaches. Sports 2024, 12, 227. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports12080227
Papadimitriou K. Intensity and Pace Calculation of Ultra Short Race Pace Training (USRPT) in Swimming—Take-Home Messages and Statements for Swimming Coaches. Sports. 2024; 12(8):227. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports12080227
Chicago/Turabian StylePapadimitriou, Konstantinos. 2024. "Intensity and Pace Calculation of Ultra Short Race Pace Training (USRPT) in Swimming—Take-Home Messages and Statements for Swimming Coaches" Sports 12, no. 8: 227. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports12080227