Formability of Medium Mn Steel Welded Joints
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials and Welding Parameters
2.2. Microstructural Characterization and Mechanical Property Test
2.3. Cupping Test FE Simulation
3. Results
3.1. Microstructure and Microhardness
3.2. Tensile Properties
3.3. Erichsen Cupping Test
4. Discussion
4.1. Effect of the HZ on the Formability of Welded Joints
4.2. Cupping Crack Initiation and Propagation of Welded Joints
5. Conclusions
- (1)
- Medium Mn steel shows good formability, which is attributed to its excellent ductility in the uniaxial tensile test. Medium Mn steel has isotropic characteristics, which result in a fracture surface with a crescent-shaped path around the center of the dome during the Erichsen cupping test.
- (2)
- Due to the existence of the HZ, the Erichsen cupping value of the welded joints is lower than that of the BM, and the formability ratio can reach 66%. The welding direction has little influence on the formability due to the isotropy of medium Mn steel.
- (3)
- The primary influencing factor on formability is the width of the HZ in welded joints, and the secondary factor is the strength and ductility of the HZ. The formability ratio of the welded joints increases due to the decrease in the width of the HZ with increasing welding speed.
- (4)
- The initiation of the Erichsen cupping crack is located in the HZ and invariably propagates perpendicular to the welding direction due to the worse ductility of the HZ.
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Element | C | Mn | Si | P | S | N | Fe |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
wt % | 0.1 | 4.86 | 0.01 | 0.008 | 0.002 | 0.003 | Bal. |
Welding Method | Power | Focus Length (mm) | Heat Input (J/cm) | Welding Speed (m/min) | Shielding Gas Flow (L/min) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Laser welding | 1500 | 200 | 1000 | 0.9 | 20 |
2000 | 200 | 1000 | 1.2 | 20 | |
2000 | 200 | 500 | 2.4 | 20 | |
2000 | 200 | 333 | 3.6 | 20 | |
2000 | 200 | 250 | 4.8 | 20 |
Welding Method | Pulse Current (A) | Voltage (V) | Heat Input (J/cm) | Welding Speed (m/min) | Shielding Gas Flow (L/min) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
GTAW | Ip = 140 A Tp = 0.1 s Ib = 25 A Tb = 0.1 s | 11.7 | 4826.25 | 0.12 | 20 |
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Cao, Y.; Wang, B.; Zhao, L.; Peng, Y.; Zhong, M.; Zuo, H.; Tian, Z. Formability of Medium Mn Steel Welded Joints. Metals 2020, 10, 706. https://doi.org/10.3390/met10060706
Cao Y, Wang B, Zhao L, Peng Y, Zhong M, Zuo H, Tian Z. Formability of Medium Mn Steel Welded Joints. Metals. 2020; 10(6):706. https://doi.org/10.3390/met10060706
Chicago/Turabian StyleCao, Yang, Bo Wang, Lin Zhao, Yun Peng, Minlin Zhong, Hong Zuo, and Zhiling Tian. 2020. "Formability of Medium Mn Steel Welded Joints" Metals 10, no. 6: 706. https://doi.org/10.3390/met10060706