Numerical Study on the Forming Behaviour of Multilayer Sheets
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Numerical Models
2.2.1. Circular Bulge Test
2.2.2. Sheet Metal Forming Processes: U-Channel and Square Cup
2.3. Equivalent Material
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Circular Bulge Test
3.2. Deep Drawing of a U-Channel Profile
3.2.1. Force vs. Displacement
3.2.2. Strain and Stress Distribution for Composite 1
3.2.3. Strain and Stress Distribution for Composite 2
3.3. Deep Drawing of a Square Cup
3.3.1. Force vs. Displacement
3.3.2. Strain Distribution for Composites 1 and 2
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Material | Hooke’s Law | Swift Hardening Law | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
E (GPa) | ν | Y0 (MPa) | K (MPa) | n | |
Steel | 210 | 0.30 | 382.54 | 858.74 | 0.239 |
Aluminium | 69 | 0.33 | 22 | 155.64 | 0.341 |
Material | Hooke’s Law | Voce Hardening Law Parameters | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
E (GPa) | v | Y0 (MPa) | YSat (MPa) | CY | |
Polymer | 0.80 | 0.42 | 2 | 21.3 | 54 |
Material | Case | BHF (kN/mm) | r (mm) | c (mm) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Composite 1 | A | 0.28 | 5 | 1.8 |
B | 1.12 | 5 | 1.8 | |
C | 1.12 | 5 | 1.6 | |
D | 1.12 | 5 | 2.0 | |
E | 1.12 | 8 | 1.8 | |
Composite 2 | A | 0.035 | 5 | 1.8 |
B | 0.14 | 5 | 1.8 | |
C | 0.14 | 5 | 1.6 | |
D | 0.14 | 5 | 2.0 | |
E | 0.14 | 8 | 1.8 |
Material | Hooke’s Law | Swift-Voce Law | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
E (GPa) | ν | Y0 (MPa) | K (MPa) | n | Y0 (MPa) | YSat (MPa) | CY | α | |
Equivalent 1 | 79.25 | 0.375 | 382.54 | 858.74 | 0.239 | 2 | 21.3 | 54 | 0.375 |
Equivalent 2 | 26.38 | 0.386 | 22 | 155.64 | 0.341 | 2 | 21.3 | 54 | 0.375 |
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Marques, A.E.; Prates, P.A.; Pereira, A.F.G.; Sakharova, N.A.; Oliveira, M.C.; Fernandes, J.V. Numerical Study on the Forming Behaviour of Multilayer Sheets. Metals 2020, 10, 716. https://doi.org/10.3390/met10060716
Marques AE, Prates PA, Pereira AFG, Sakharova NA, Oliveira MC, Fernandes JV. Numerical Study on the Forming Behaviour of Multilayer Sheets. Metals. 2020; 10(6):716. https://doi.org/10.3390/met10060716
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarques, Armando E., Pedro A. Prates, André F. G. Pereira, Nataliya A. Sakharova, Marta C. Oliveira, and José V. Fernandes. 2020. "Numerical Study on the Forming Behaviour of Multilayer Sheets" Metals 10, no. 6: 716. https://doi.org/10.3390/met10060716