Normalizing Effect of Heat Treatment Processing on 17-4 PH Stainless Steel Manufactured by Powder Bed Fusion

Yeon, Si-Mo; Yoon, Jongcheon; Kim, Tae Bum; Lee, Seung Ho; Jun, Tea-Sung; Son, Yong; Choi, Kyunsuk

doi:10.3390/met12050704

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Normalizing Effect of Heat Treatment Processing on 17-4 PH Stainless Steel Manufactured by Powder Bed Fusion

by

Si-Mo Yeon

^1,2,

Jongcheon Yoon

¹,

Tae Bum Kim

¹,

Seung Ho Lee

³,

Tea-Sung Jun

²

,

Yong Son

¹ and

Kyunsuk Choi

^4,*

¹

Advanced Joining & Additive Manufacturing R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Siheung 15014, Korea

²

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Incheon National University, Yeonsu, Incheon 22012, Korea

³

HYU-KITECH Joint Department, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Korea

⁴

Department of Industry-University Convergence, Hanbat National University, Yuseong, Daejeon 34158, Korea

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Metals 2022, 12(5), 704; https://doi.org/10.3390/met12050704

Submission received: 24 March 2022 / Revised: 15 April 2022 / Accepted: 16 April 2022 / Published: 20 April 2022

(This article belongs to the Topic Additive Manufacturing)

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Abstract

Laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF)-processed 17-4 PH stainless steel (SS) generally exhibits a non-equilibrium microstructure consisting mostly of columnar δ-ferrite grains and a substantial fraction of retained austenite and martensite, contrary to 17-4 PH SS wrought with a fully martensite structure and coarse grains. Despite the different microstructures of L-PBF and wrought 17-4 PH SS, post-processing is typically performed using the conventional heat treatment method. The insufficient effect of the heat treatment on the L-PBF product produces a δ-ferrite phase in the microstructure. To obtain improved mechanical properties, the addition of a normalizing treatment to the conventional heat treatment after L-PBF in a nitrogen gas environment was investigated. The fully martensitic matrix developed by adding the normalizing treatment contained homogeneous Cu precipitates and exhibited a similar or improved strength and elongation to failure compared to the wrought SS.

Keywords: 17-4 PH stainless steel; selective laser melting; laser powder bed fusion; heat treatment; microstructure; mechanical properties

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MDPI and ACS Style

Yeon, S.-M.; Yoon, J.; Kim, T.B.; Lee, S.H.; Jun, T.-S.; Son, Y.; Choi, K. Normalizing Effect of Heat Treatment Processing on 17-4 PH Stainless Steel Manufactured by Powder Bed Fusion. Metals 2022, 12, 704. https://doi.org/10.3390/met12050704

AMA Style

Yeon S-M, Yoon J, Kim TB, Lee SH, Jun T-S, Son Y, Choi K. Normalizing Effect of Heat Treatment Processing on 17-4 PH Stainless Steel Manufactured by Powder Bed Fusion. Metals. 2022; 12(5):704. https://doi.org/10.3390/met12050704

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yeon, Si-Mo, Jongcheon Yoon, Tae Bum Kim, Seung Ho Lee, Tea-Sung Jun, Yong Son, and Kyunsuk Choi. 2022. "Normalizing Effect of Heat Treatment Processing on 17-4 PH Stainless Steel Manufactured by Powder Bed Fusion" Metals 12, no. 5: 704. https://doi.org/10.3390/met12050704

APA Style

Yeon, S.-M., Yoon, J., Kim, T. B., Lee, S. H., Jun, T.-S., Son, Y., & Choi, K. (2022). Normalizing Effect of Heat Treatment Processing on 17-4 PH Stainless Steel Manufactured by Powder Bed Fusion. Metals, 12(5), 704. https://doi.org/10.3390/met12050704

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

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Normalizing Effect of Heat Treatment Processing on 17-4 PH Stainless Steel Manufactured by Powder Bed Fusion

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