Microstructure Study on Large-Sized Ti–6Al–4V Bar Three-High Skew Rolling Based on Cellular Automaton Model
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Finite Element Model of Three-High Skew Rolling Titanium Alloy Bar Model
2.1. Spatial Configuration and Principle of Skew Rolling
2.2. Process Parameters
2.3. Finite Element Model
3. Establishment of Cellular Automaton Model
3.1. Basic Theory of CA
3.2. Dislocation Model
3.3. Dynamic Recovery Model
3.4. Dynamic Recrystallization Model
4. CA Simulation Results and Analysis of Titanium Bar Skew Rolling
4.1. Recrystallization Volume Percentage Distribution
4.2. Average Grain Size Distribution
4.3. Microstructure Appearance Analysis
4.4. Comparison between Test Results and Prediction Results
5. Conclusions
- (1)
- The CA model was established for the three-roll skew rolling process of a large-size Ti–6Al–4V bar. The changes in the recrystallization volume percentage, grain size and microstructure appearance during the rolling process were obtained. The results show that dynamic recrystallization occurs at the contact of the outer layer and the roll, before gradually extending to the core.
- (2)
- During microstructure evolution, dynamic recrystallization occurred and formed nucleation at the grain boundary of the α phase. With the intensification of deformation, the recrystallized grains grew and extended to the original grains. The regenerated grains reached balance with the original grains, and the grains were refined with the minimum grains at approximately 6 μm.
- (3)
- The microstructure appearances obtained by the experiment and CA simulation were compared, both of which belong to the equiaxed structure. The average grain size was between 10 and 16 μm. The grain size of the actual metallographic structure was slightly larger than that obtained by the CA model simulation. The main reasons may be the fact that the rolling mill bounce decreases the deformation degree and the uniformity of the temperature distribution, leading to insufficient recrystallization in actual rolling.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
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Diameter of Rolled Piece (mm) | Rolling Temperature (°C) | Roll Angular Velocity (rad s−1) | Rolling Angle (°) | Feeding Angle (°) | Reduction (mm) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
φ 300 | 950 | 10 | 3 | 15 | 50 |
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Hu, J.; Yang, S.; Shuai, Z.; Wang, X.; Xu, H. Microstructure Study on Large-Sized Ti–6Al–4V Bar Three-High Skew Rolling Based on Cellular Automaton Model. Metals 2022, 12, 773. https://doi.org/10.3390/met12050773
Hu J, Yang S, Shuai Z, Wang X, Xu H. Microstructure Study on Large-Sized Ti–6Al–4V Bar Three-High Skew Rolling Based on Cellular Automaton Model. Metals. 2022; 12(5):773. https://doi.org/10.3390/met12050773
Chicago/Turabian StyleHu, Jianhua, Sheng Yang, Zhongfu Shuai, Xiaohua Wang, and Hongyan Xu. 2022. "Microstructure Study on Large-Sized Ti–6Al–4V Bar Three-High Skew Rolling Based on Cellular Automaton Model" Metals 12, no. 5: 773. https://doi.org/10.3390/met12050773