Evaluation of Energy-Based Model Generated Strain Signals for Carbon Steel Spring Fatigue Life Assessment
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methodology
2.1. Proposed Model
2.2. Fatigue Life Assessment
3. Results and Discussions
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Mechanical Properties | Value |
---|---|
Ultimate tensile strength, Su (MPa) | 1584 |
Elastic modulus | 207 |
Fatigue strength coefficient | 2063 |
Fatigue strength exponent | −0.08 |
Fatigue ductility coefficient | 9.56 |
Fatigue ductility exponent | −1.05 |
Road Class | Elastic-energy Model | Measured | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
r.m.s | Kurtosis | r.m.s | Kurtosis | |
Highway A | 29.42 | 4.02 | 35.16 | 3.32 |
Highway B | 25.64 | 3.81 | 32.37 | 3.45 |
Rural A | 56.06 | 18.27 | 53.86 | 12.68 |
Rural B | 49.83 | 14.64 | 46.71 | 9.49 |
Campus A | 57.19 | 11.35 | 52.20 | 7.75 |
Campus B | 55.17 | 15.16 | 54.91 | 8.98 |
Roads | Strain Fatigue Durability Life (Blocks to Failure) | Energy Model Converted Fatigue Life (Blocks to Failure) |
---|---|---|
Highway A | 1.37 × 108 | 8.13 × 108 |
Highway B | 1.13 × 1010 | 5.46 × 108 |
Rural A | 1.98 × 105 | 1.37 × 105 |
Rural B | 3.26 × 105 | 2.50 × 105 |
Campus A | 4.28 × 105 | 2.56 × 105 |
Campus B | 1.25 × 106 | 7.25 × 105 |
Roads | Strain Fatigue Durability Life (Blocks to Failure) | Energy Model Converted Fatigue Life (Blocks to Failure) |
---|---|---|
Highway A | 1.32 × 108 | 7.91 × 108 |
Highway B | 2.20 × 1010 | 7.42 × 108 |
Rural A | 2.59 × 105 | 1.39 × 105 |
Rural B | 3.99 × 105 | 2.15 × 105 |
Campus A | 5.60 × 105 | 1.94 × 105 |
Campus B | 2.55 × 106 | 7.23 × 105 |
Roads | Strain Fatigue Durability Life (Blocks to Failure) | Energy Model Converted Fatigue Life (Blocks to Failure) |
---|---|---|
Highway A | 1.32 × 108 | 8.15 × 108 |
Highway B | 1.12 × 1011 | 8.01 × 108 |
Rural A | 3.05 × 105 | 1.39 × 105 |
Rural B | 4.55 × 105 | 1.99 × 105 |
Campus A | 6.58 × 105 | 1.74 × 105 |
Campus B | 3.99 × 106 | 7.19 × 105 |
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Kong, Y.S.; Abdullah, S.; Schramm, D.; Omar, M.Z.; Mohamed Haris, S. Evaluation of Energy-Based Model Generated Strain Signals for Carbon Steel Spring Fatigue Life Assessment. Metals 2019, 9, 213. https://doi.org/10.3390/met9020213
Kong YS, Abdullah S, Schramm D, Omar MZ, Mohamed Haris S. Evaluation of Energy-Based Model Generated Strain Signals for Carbon Steel Spring Fatigue Life Assessment. Metals. 2019; 9(2):213. https://doi.org/10.3390/met9020213
Chicago/Turabian StyleKong, Yat Sheng, Shahrum Abdullah, Dieter Schramm, Mohd Zaidi Omar, and Sallehuddin Mohamed Haris. 2019. "Evaluation of Energy-Based Model Generated Strain Signals for Carbon Steel Spring Fatigue Life Assessment" Metals 9, no. 2: 213. https://doi.org/10.3390/met9020213